A typical septic tank has a 4-inch inlet located at the top. The pipe that connects to it must maintain a 1/4-inch-per-foot slope toward it from the house. This means that for every 10 feet of distance between the tank and the house, the inlet must be 2 1/2 inches below the point at which the pipe exits the house.
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- The tanks are watertight and buried at least five feet from the house, but more generally in the 10- to 25-foot range, with the drainage field located further away still but it depends on the incline of your land. The septic tanks can vary in size, ranging from a 500-gallon to a 1750-gallon tank.
How high should the level be in a septic tank?
On average, the liquid should be approximately 12 inches from the top of the tank. If the level goes higher than the outlet pipe, then it means the drain field is blocked and immediate action must be taken.
What is the slope of septic tank floor?
For proper convenience in collection and removal of the sludge, the floor of septic tank is given a slope of 1:10 to 1:20 towards the inlet side. Which means that floor of the outlet side will be on the higher elevation than the floor at inlet side.
How much slope should a drain field have?
In a conventional gravity system, the pipe from the house to the septic tank, and the outlet pipe from the tank to the distribution box or leach field, should both slope downward with a minimum slope of 1/4 in. per ft. (1/8 in. per ft.
How do you know if septic tank is full?
Here are some of the most common warning signs that you have a full septic tank:
- Your Drains Are Taking Forever.
- Standing Water Over Your Septic Tank.
- Bad Smells Coming From Your Yard.
- You Hear Gurgling Water.
- You Have A Sewage Backup.
- How often should you empty your septic tank?
Does poop float in septic tank?
The American diet is often high in fats (which cause feces to float in a septic tank), or high in iron-rich meat (which blackens your stool and causes it to sink like torpedo). Neither of these is good for your septic tank, but you can change that by changing your lifestyle and eating habits.
How deep should septic tank be buried?
In most cases, septic tank components including the lid, are buried between 4 inches and 4 feet underground. You can use a metal probe to locate its edges and mark the perimeter. If you do not find the lid by probing, shallow excavation with a shovel along the tank’s perimeter should reveal the lid.
How many lids are on a septic tank?
In order to make repairs or perform regular maintenance or cleaning/pumping of the tank, access must be provided. There are usually two lids located at the top of the septic tank-one located over the inlet “T” and one located over the outlet “T” (see “Septic Components: Septic Tanks”).
How deep should a septic tank be in the ground?
The general rule of thumb is that most septic tanks can be buried anywhere from four inches to four feet underground.
How far can you pump septic?
Sewage ejector pumps are designed to pump raw sewage from your home into a septic tank or gravity flow sewer main. For this reason, they can only pump to distances under 750 feet. However, a benefit of sewage ejector pumps is that they are built to move up to 200 gallons per minute of raw sewage.
How far can a septic lift station pump?
These pumps are designed for short pumping distances ( under 750 feet ) and can handle head pressures of nearly 75 feet.
Can you have too much slope in drain pipe?
The ideal slope of any drain line is ¼ inch per foot of pipe. That’s right, it is possible to have too much slope in your drain lines. According to Redwood Kardon, a former plumbing inspector, “Oversloped pipes (greater than ½ in.
Can I level my leach field?
Yes you can. You just have to ensure that the the surface level of the septic flushes with the ground level so that the storm water doesn’t get in it.
How many Infiltrator chambers do I need?
As a general rule, trenches ‘fingers’ should be no longer than fifty feet ( 12 or 13 Infiltrators long ) for best function and most even effluent distribution. Unless you are installing as a “bed” system (where the chambers are right next to each other), leave at least six feet of undisturbed soil between fingers.
How Much Slope for Septic Line?
This page contains information on sitework, including how much slop for a septic line to have. Peter inquires: My builder has recently completed the installation of our septic system, and I’m afraid that he did something incorrectly. The drain field looks to be at a greater height than the tank’s exit, which is consistent with this. My brain doesn’t comprehend how the tank may empty upwards. Is there something I’m overlooking? Answer: Except if you have a mound system, or another pumping system with a dosing chamber and lift pump, you are accurate in assuming that you will require a downhill slope in your sewage pipes, which is not the case.
The leach lines themselves, on the other hand, should be leveled out.
Sewage lines should be sloped downhill to the septic tank and drain field at a rate of at least 1/4 inch per foot of length.
To avoid clogging, steer clear of sags and sudden curves.
- The fear is that the water would flow too quickly and leave sediments behind, causing the pipe to clog.
- In situations when it is important to carry wastewater uphill, there are several different pumping system types that may be employed.
- I would consider getting in touch with the person who created your system to discuss the problem and, if feasible, have them come out and assess the location.
- It’s ideal if you can put your complaints in writing and send them to the contractor.
- An upward line such as the one you describe will never function effectively.
- Also read this article.
When Is the Best Time to Take a Perc Test? How much does a perc test cost? Who Should Be Hired for the Perc Test? After a failed perc test, should you retest? Should I use a Sand Filter with my existing septic system? Examining the condition of the wellSEPTIC SYSTEMView all articles Q and A Index
Reader Interactions
- In this section, you can ask questions and express your opinions regarding sewage or septic pipe lines on steeply sloping premises.
InspectAPedia does not allow any form of conflict of interest. The sponsors, goods, and services described on this website are not affiliated with us in any way. Installing or replacing sewer lines on steep hills is a challenging task. This article discusses the construction of drain lines on steep slopes between a house and a septic tank, as well as the maintenance of drain lines. For this topic, we also have anARTICLE INDEX available, or you may check the top or bottom of the page. Use the SEARCH BOX to discover the information you’re looking for quickly.
Guide to installing the replacement sewer pipe line at Steep Sites
Using real-world examples and photographs, we demonstrate how to diagnose and replace a clogged sewage line in an actual case study. Septic or sewage line blockage and backups may be prevented by having the proper drain line slope installed. In this section, we will talk about
- Septic pipe installed in a zig-zag pattern on steep hillsides
- Septic pipes with a U-turn on steep hillsides
- Septic pipework running parallel to the fall line of a slope Designing steep septic systems for sewer or septic pipe repair or new installations
When it comes to a drain waste pipe, what is the right slope or pitch to use? When wastewater travels at the proper pace via a drainpipe, the water transports solid waste, such as feces and toilet paper, as well as water, to a septic tank or sewage mains for disposal. Generally speaking, plumbing rules and wastewater piping guidelines state that building drains should be pitched at a rate of 1/8” to 1/4” of slope for every foot of linear length or distance. Problems associated with steep dips between the home and the septic tank include: A steep building site, such as the one depicted in our page top photograph, can result in a significant drop in elevation between a building main drain and the septic tank inlet opening (or sewer main connection), resulting in waste piping slopes that exceed the recommended limits for slope in the waste piping.
If waste passes through the sewage line at a rate more than 2 fps, there is a possibility that water will leave sediments behind in the pipe, resulting in recurring obstructions.
ZigZagging Drain Line Piping Down a Slope
zigzagging the pipe down a steep slope, making multiple bends, would be one method of reaching the required wastewater flow rate in a drain line down a steep slope. However, in my opinion, the increased number of turns and length of this approach may increase the likelihood of future sewer line blockages. Additionally, the zigzag drain line approach will make it more difficult to clean out blockages, and therefore you will need to include sewer line cleanout access points at every run and turn in the installation.
Straight-run Drain Line Piping Down a Steep Drop Slope between House and Septic Tank or Sewer Main
According to my observations, many waste line contractors simply establish a straight sewer line from the home to the septic tank or from the house to the sewage main, regardless of the building slope, as long as we have at least 1/8″ per foot, ideally 1/4″ per foot, or more, of water pressure.
Drain lines with a lower slope or those are practically flat are more likely to clog. On a related note, if you’re building a drain line that may be too steeply sloped and you won’t be able to readily correct the problem, make sure to include extra cleanout access ports.
Experience in Installing Steep Sewer Drain Line Piping
According to my observations, many waste line installers simply install a straight sewer line from the house to the septic tank or from the house to the sewer main, regardless of the building slope, as long as we have at least 1/8″ per foot, preferably 1/4″ per foot, or more, of groundwater pressure. Higher clogging risk is associated with lower slopes or drain lines that are almost flat. Regarding a related topic, if you’re installing a drain line that may be too steeply sloped and you won’t be able to simply correct the problem, make sure to include additional cleanout access ports.
Other Steps to Avoid Problems with Septic or Sewer Drain Lines on Steep Sites
- Cleanouts of septic tanks or sewer drain lines: I’d put external cleanout access ports on the sewage line every 20 feet or so for the sake of ease. Proper septic pipe hookups include the following: Ensure that the new pipe connections are made correctly, that they are lubricated, and that they are completely seated during the assembly process. The following are the proper sewage pipe directions: The receiving pipe hub, often known as the “female” end of the pipe, is located at the bottom of the following downhill segment. Make sure you don’t do this in reverse or you’ll attract leaks and blockage in your sewage system.
- Smooth drain line connections should be employed: the hub-less drain pipe connector shown in our photo was used to connect the new plastic waste line (which runs downhill to the septic tank) to the old cast iron waste line at the point where it exited the structure. These pipes needed to be correctly aligned (to avoid leaks at the connector) and their connections and pipe ends needed to be filed smooth in order to reduce the likelihood of waste line clogs at this point in the system.
Installing SepticDrainfieldPiping on Steep Slopes is a Different Matter Entirely
Please understand that we have examined the installation of solid plumbing between a building and its septic tank or sewage main in this articleand that higher slopes may be acceptable in some circumstances. However, the possibility of a “OK” for steep drain pipe does not apply in any manner to the perforated piping put in a septic drainfield gravel trench, which is a different story. Those looking for help on installing a septic system on a steeply sloping or rolling site should check out the following articles:
- For more information, see AEROBIC SEPTIC SYSTEMS, ATUs, and HOME – some of these designs can be used on steep slope sites. Or SeeHOOT Aerobic Systems Drip Disposal Design and Installation Guide for more information. Alternatively, see “Guidance for the Design, Installation, and Operation of Subsurface Drip Distribution Systems as a Replacement for Conventional Title 5 Soil Absorption Systems for the Disposal of Septic Tank Effluent,” published by the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection in 2006 and refining Massachusetts regulations 310 CMR 15.240, 15.242, 15.247, and 15.280-15.289
- Or “Guidance for the Design, Installation, and Operation of Subsurface Drip Distribution Systems as SYSTEMS DE DOSAGE For hilly sites where the drainfield must be located either uphill or downhill from a septic tank or structure, PRESSURE is a term that refers to pressure dosing systems that may be beneficial for disposing of sewage. GRAVELLESS SEPTIC SYSTEMS – Other gravelless systems are capable of handling mild bends required to follow rolling slope lines
- However, some gravelless systems are not. A system that will be required when the elevation of a structure or a septic tank is lower than the elevation of the drainfield or sewer main is Septic pumps, sewage ejector pumps, grinder pumps, effluent pumps, sump pumps, septic pumping stations, and septic pump alarms Installation of septic drainfields on steep or rolling terrain is described in STEEP SLOPE SEPTIC DESIGNS, which is part of the SEPTIC DESIGNS section.
Reader Q A – also see the FAQs series linked-to below
@hello there, dude. Sweep turns with a wider radius (e.g., 2 45s) will often flow better than sharper turns. On a corner where the toilet waste flow is present. If trenching provides for 4″ deeper depth, is it preferable to construct the 90° corner with a 1° drop rate as normal, or is it preferable to make the corner with two 45° corners while lowering the 4″? Thanks@Ted, Start by consulting with your local building or health department to see what type of design would be considered suitable in your nation and neighborhood.
- We have a shortage of service personnel for upkeep, and I believe that a sprinkler system would be more beneficial to our grounds.
- Thanks@Ted That doesn’t appear to be a concern in my opinion.
- @inspectapedia.com.moderator, Yes, without a doubt, that is not hygienic.
- Thanks@Ted, In a situation when you are just transferring a cleared fluid, there should be no particulates left behind in the wastewater stream.
- That is a very other issue.
- What if it’s been sitting in a septic tank for a while, breaking down as if it were going to a leach field instead?
- That would be the material that would be sent to the aerobic tank.
You may be required to utilize a grinder sewage pump and force main; we are in the process of establishing a traditional tank close to our home.
What is the maximum percent drop per foot for the effluent line in terms of percent drop?
@Ted.
Thank you very much.
It goes without saying that such lines must have the proper pitch in order to reach the final position of the septic tank.
You should verify with your local building authority to find out exactly what is required to be placed at a 4 foot depth in your area.
My issue is, can I dig a smaller trench and then descend vertically to the requisite four-foot depth before finishing?
Thank you for the information, it was really useful.
What would be the best configuration for the septic tank and pipes when the designated drain field area is 500 feet away from the house?
The slope before and after the hill is rather level, descending very gradually in the direction of the drain field before becoming steeper.
A construction site located in a swale below the city sewer lateral service point has been identified as a potential concern.
(Let’s pretend it’s 8 feet below the surface) Is there an alternative to the brute force strategy of bringing in hundreds of cubit yards of fill and compacting it to raise the elevation of the construction site?
A septic tank is just 18 inches away from the building foundation, which is a little near.
Solids dropping vertically have the potential to adhere to and clog the pipe; however, employing 45-degree elbows instead of 90-degree elbows can help to mitigate this danger.
I would begin by having the tank examined to identify which items are most important in this order of significance.
A sound septic tank, as opposed to one built of brick or rusted steel; how well the baffles and protection from groundwater leaks are maintained; and how well the baffles and protection from groundwater leaks are maintained.
The quality and capacity of the drainfield are important considerations.
Is this a reasonable drop?
This is an ancient septic tank that I was allowed to utilize because of a grandfather clause.
What is the length of the pipe drop when the septic tank is 120 feet away?
How steep do the pipes have to be from one drop box to the next?
Does the length of the pipe, in addition to its angle of incline, have a limit in terms of length?
Please let us know if this is the case!
Verne, you have an issue with a septic or wastewater system that has too much downslope.
The difficulty with longer segments of excessive slope sewer plumbing is that the liquid waste will occasionally overtake the solid waste in the line, causing the system to back up.
One of the most valuable aphorisms I can share, at least in the context of the building construction and mechanicals fields, is that it is extremely uncommon to come into a situation that has never been experienced before.
According to one of the solutions described on this page, the sewage line is made even longer by zig-zagging across the steeply inclined areas of the land.
I’ll leave the graphic specifics to your imagination, so go ahead and go creative.
Let’s put the question to your septic installer and see what she has to say about it.
STATIONS FOR PULLING OUT SEWAGE Hello, I have a question concerning the installation of a toilet in a cabin that is around 300 feet from the main home, septic tank, and field.
Is too much slope a concern in this circumstance, given the considerable distance that the effluent must travel to reach the tank?
Do you think that building a sewage pump would make any difference in this circumstance, considering that the septic tank is located downhill from the toilet?
There should be a thorough inspection of the whole sewage line (perhaps using a sewer camera), and any slope issues should be addressed.
It’s always filled, no matter how long you wait.
Is it necessary to have the angle coming out of the home re-done?
What type of valve is used to connect the pump to the drain field?
Alternatively, seeSEWER / SEPTIC LINES for STEEP SITES FAQs- questions and answers that were originally placed at the bottom of this page. Alternatively, consider the following:
Steep Slope Septic System Articles
- SEPTIC CONSULTANTS, DESIGNERS, ENGINEERS
- SEPTIC SYSTEM DESIGN ALTERNATIVES-home
- SEPTIC SYSTEM DESIGN BASICS-home
- SEWER / SEPTIC LINES at STEEP SITES
- STEEP SLOPE SEPTIC DESIGNS
- SEPTIC CONSULTANTS, DESIGNERS, ENGINEERS
- SEPTIC CONSULT
Suggested citation for this web page
INSPECTION OF SEWER AND SEPTIC LINES AT STEEP SITES An online encyclopedia of building environmental inspection, testing, diagnosis, repair, and issue preventive information is available at Apedia.com. Alternatively, have a look at this.
INDEX to RELATED ARTICLES:ARTICLE INDEX to DRAIN SEPTIC SEWER PIPES
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Ask a Question or Search InspectApedia
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Technical ReviewersReferences
Citations can be shown or hidden by selecting Show or Hide Citations. InspectApedia.com is a publisher that provides references. Daniel Friedman is an American journalist and author.
Guide to Installing Septic Drainfield Piping on steep slopes
- Send us a question or make a comment about how to construct a septic system on a steeply sloping lot.
InspectAPedia does not allow any form of conflict of interest. The sponsors, goods, and services described on this website are not affiliated with us in any way. Septic systems with steep slopes are known as steep slope drainfield systems. A septic drainfield or leach line is described in this article, which is applicable to tough terrain, such as steep slopes, where a property dispose of wastewater using an aseptic tank and a drainfield. We also have anARTICLE INDEX for this topic, and you can use the SEARCH BOXes at the top and bottom of the page to obtain the information you need quickly and easily.
Guide to Septic Installations on Steep Slopes or Stepped Slopes
Sewer or septic line installation on steep sites is also covered, and for those who are inspecting or testing their septic system, DIFFICULT SEPTIC SITES is another good resource to consult. Technical reviewers are encouraged to participate and are noted under “References.” Allowable uses of this content include making a reference to this website and providing a brief quotation for the sole purpose of review. The author retains the right to use this content on other websites, in books, or in pamphlets that are available for purchase.
Apart from this text (which may be found below), readers interested in septic installation guidance for steeply sloping or rolling sites should study the following articles:
- THE INSTALLATION OF Sewage OR SEPTIC LINES ON STEEP SITES is a term that refers to the installation of sewer or septic line pipes connecting a structure to its septic tank or sewer main on steep sites that slope down substantially between the structure and the septic tank. SYSTEMS DE DOSAGE For hilly sites where the drainfield must be located either uphill or downhill from a septic tank or structure, PRESSURE is a term that refers to pressure dosing systems that may be beneficial for disposing of sewage. GRAVELLESS SEPTIC SYSTEMS – Other gravelless systems are capable of handling mild bends required to follow rolling slope lines
- However, some gravelless systems are not. Sewage pumps, sewage ejector pumps, grinder pumps, effluent pumps, sump pumps, septic pumping stations, and sewer pump alarms are examples of systems that will be required if the building or septic tank is located below the drainfield or sewer main. Installation of septic drainfields on steep or undulating terrain is described in detail in STEEP SLOPE DESIGNS(text found immediately below)
Guide to Installing Steep Slope Septic Drainfield Systems
The sketch at the top of the page illustrates one strategy for installing septic drainfields on a steep or rolling slope. Septic tank and seepage pit systems are seen in the photo above, which is placed in the flat region below the hillside and connected to a sewer line running down the steep slope. The question becomes, however, what to do when the septic effluent absorption system or soakbed itself must be placed down a steep hillside. Here are some details about the product.
- Septic systems with a D-box for steep slopes: When septic effluent is clarified, it is discharged from the septic tank (or an effluent pumping station) and directed into a big distribution box. A larger D-box with more connection ports will be required than those used for a standard flat-area drainfield since each effluent line that will be installed across the hillside will need to be connected directly to the D-box. Separate effluent lines for steep slope septics are required: Individual septic effluent drain lines are connected to the distribution box, and each of these drain lines is directed to a separate gravel trench and perforated drainfield. Feeder pipes for effluent lines in steep slope septic systems include the following: It is not perforated, but rather solid pipe that connects the distribution box to the drainfield trench. Effluent lines for hillside or rolling land drainfields are placed along the slope, not uphill or downhill, and sloping gently (1/8″ to 1/4″ per linear foot) from the inlet end of each drainfield trench to the lowest point of the drainfield trenches.
Installing Septic Drainfield Piping on Steep Slopes Located Downhill from the Septic Tank – Rolling Land
- For steep slope septics, flexible distribution pipe or gravelless systems are recommended: Because flexible effluent lines may be routed in a trench that must be curved in order to remain parallel to the fall line of the slope of rounded hilltops or rolling ground, flexible piping may be more convenient to construct than rigid pipe systems in areas where the land is rolling or contoured. Dosing with high pressure for steep slope septic systems: Septic effluent handling methods, such as pressure distribution systems, may be more forgiving of installation on steep or uneven sloping ground, and they may use rigid or flexible perforated pipe, depending on the application. Pressurized Septic Systems (also known as Pressure Dosing Septic Systems)
- For septic system effluent dispersal, drip lines—which employ flexible distribution piping—might also be effective on some steep locations. Some aerobic systems that dispose of effluent using drip systems or spray systems, or that feed drip irrigation systems, can solve the problem of steep slope septic effluent disposal, according to the manufacturer. AEROBIC SEPTIC SYSTEMS, ATUs, ATUs-home Alternatively, see DESIGN AND INSTALLATION GUIDE FOR HOOT AEROBIC SYSTEMS DRIP DISPOSAL Alternatively, see “Guidance for the Design, Installation, and Operation of Subsurface Drip Distribution Systems as a Replacement for Conventional Title 5 Soil Absorption Systems for the Disposal of Septic Tank Effluent,” published by the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection in 2006, which rewrites the state’s 310 CMR 15.240, 15.242, 15.247, and 15.280-15.289 regulations. Graywater disposal systems also include designs that can assist with effluent of graywater GREYWATER SYSTEMS are discussed more below.
Why Drainfield Effluent lines need to be properly sloped
Septic drainfields that use gravity to treat and dispose of cleared wastewater effluent must be correctly pitched and never slope too steeply to ensure effective operation. If this is not done, effluent will flow too fast to the low end of the drainfield line and gravel trench, where it is likely to simply break out onto the surface of the land.
If you need to build a traditional perforated pipe and gravel trench drainfield on a steep slope, you’ll need to run the trenches parallel to the fall line or down the slope itself, descending down the slope from trench to trench as you go.
Steep Slope Septic Design Research
- Gustafson, David M., James L. Anderson, Sara F. Heger, and Barbara W. Liukkonen published a paper in which they discussed their findings. Making the decision to install an alternative septic system on a home site with a steep incline (2000). Retrieved on March 30, 2021, from the University of Minnesota Extension. the original source is:
Reader CommentsQ A
On the 25th of May in the year 2020, by (mod) – Is it possible to have the leach lines for a septic tank go uphill from the tank? Although it is possible to place the drainfield above the septic tank, an effluent pumping system will be required. This is an excerpt from the previous remark. This is where the leach line will be put, as opposed to the lower level, where the septic system is buried. When you see the house, it will be on top of this embankment, on the right side of the house, as you approach.
- Yes.
- Do you think there will be any issues with this setup, and how long will a pump survive for this system, given that it is not built at the same level as an ordinary septic system?
- When installing a septic system, may the leach area be constructed on an embankment behind the home?
- The height of the embankment is equal to the top of the roof of the single-story home that is being constructed.
- Because the leach area is located on a steep slope away from the septic system, how often will the pump need to be rebuilt and how expensive will this procedure be in the long run of owning your property be?
- Essentially, you must maintain a slope of 1/8 to 1/4 inch every foot of horizontal flow in order to prevent all effluent from instantly rushing to the end of the system and overloading it.
- Steve We are therefore discharging sewage into the environment throughout the winter; I agree that diverting surface runoff away from the drainfield could be a good idea.
If none of these options work, we (and by we, I mean you) may have to resort to a raised bed or mound septic system.
The drain field is located on a level part of a hill with a width of around 60 feet.
Should a french drain be installed in the flat area uphill from a drain field in order to sort of isolate the drain field and make it more or less operate as a mound at that point in time?
Thank you, Kelly.
This will ensure that the bottom of your drain field or effluent disposal system has enough soil beneath it that the affluent does not simply hit rock and flow down The Rock and into the lake.
A septic system is being considered for installation on an island that is largely solidrock (Canadian Shield) and slopes into a body of water (Lake Superior) (5 percent to 25 percent gradient in places).
How dependable would a septic system be under these circumstances and what are the difficulties I should be aware of?
How long do you think this system will be able to work before it breaks down?
What is the highest topographic slope that may be accommodated in a septic field servicing a single family property in Frederick County, Maryland?
Thank you so much for your rapid response.
Your solution requires me to install six drop boxes across a 100-foot distance!
A sewage pipe that is excessively steep may cause water to flow too quickly, leaving particles behind.
When using a stepped line method, it is preferable to make each turn through a D box to allow for easier cleaning access.
This is my problem: I’m putting a bathroom and kitchenette in my remote 2400 square foot woodworking shop, which I’m now in the midst of constructing.
I work as a carpenter, mason, and builder.
For the pre-existing septic tank, I have around 20′ of fall and approximately 100′ of run.
The house has been put on hold (waiting for more money).
I don’t live on the construction site, and it appears that it will be several years before I can begin construction on the house.
“the sewage line down to the septic tank should be laid out in a step-wise fashion?
Besides being built on granite bedrock, the septic tank and effluent pump to a drain field are situated on the property to fulfill both perc test criteria and to maintain a minimum distance of 100 feet from a river.
When not attached directly to bedrock, frost footings must have a minimum depth of 5′ to be considered.
Another concern is the presence of black water.
There will be a cleanout installed at the point where the pipe breaks through the foundation wall.
Steve, It’s amazing to read of drainfields that are more than 50 years old and are still in good working order, but I’ve seen a few myself, including a sophisticated system erected on an estate about 1920.
When a system is “functioning,” it implies that it appears to be effectively disposing of effluent – that is, there are no damp spots on the ground.
Nevertheless, in the absence of any failure data, almost no one would dig up and interfere with a drainfield.
It would be beneficial to include more specifics in this section.
Many of these were placed as long as 50 years ago and are still in good working order.
Diverse considerations, including the existence of impermeable strata, seasonal ground water, and slope stability, must be given careful attention.
This was quite beneficial.
It was, without a doubt, pricey.
I figured I’d better include this: Because the drainfield site will be well down-slope from the construction site and tank, a gravity-fed system or a syphon system may be used.
Standard drain fields are not permitted on slopes greater than 25 percent in my county.
This is excellent information.
I have a building site that is on a 24 percent to 30 percent slope. STEEP SITE INSTALLATION OF A SEWER OR SEPTIC LINE CONTINUES READING Alternatively, choose a topic from the closely related articles listed below, or browse the entireARTICLE INDEX. Alternatively, consider the following:
Steep Slope Septic System Articles
- SEPTIC CONSULTANTS, DESIGNERS, ENGINEERS
- SEPTIC SYSTEM DESIGN ALTERNATIVES-home
- SEPTIC SYSTEM DESIGN BASICS-home
- SEWER / SEPTIC LINES at STEEP SITES
- STEEP SLOPE SEPTIC DESIGNS
- SEPTIC CONSULTANTS, DESIGNERS, ENGINEERS
- SEPTIC CONSULT
Suggested citation for this web page
SEPTIC DESIGNS WITH A HIGH SLOPE AT INSPECTION An online encyclopedia of building environmental inspection, testing, diagnosis, repair, and issue preventive information is available at Apedia.com. Alternatively, have a look at this.
INDEX to RELATED ARTICLES:ARTICLE INDEX to SEPTIC SYSTEMS
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Citations can be shown or hidden by selecting Show or Hide Citations. InspectApedia.com is a publisher that provides references. Daniel Friedman is an American journalist and author.
How much slope does a septic line need?
A standard septic tank has a 4-inch intake at the top, which is positioned towards the bottom. If the pipe that connects to it is not sloped 1/4 inch per foot toward it, the pipe must be sloped toward it. To put it another way, for every 10 feet of distance between a tank and a home, the tank’s intake must be 2 1/2 inches lower than the point at which the pipe emerges from the home. The “building sewer” must be sloped (also known as “fall”) at a rate of between 1/8″ per foot and 1/4″ per foot in order to function properly (in other words thepipemustdropat least one inch for every 8 feet of sewerlineand not more than one inch for every 4 feet).
- If you’re installing a traditional perforated pipe and gravel trench drainfield on a steep slope, you’ll need to run the trenches parallel to the fall line or down the slope itself, stepping down the slope from trench to trench to avoid damaging the soil.
- Drain pipe must be sloped at a minimum of 1/4 inch per foot and a maximum of three inches per foot, or it must be vertical, according to plumbing code requirements.
- Is it possible for a drain pipe to have too much slope?
- Too much slope and the water speed will cause the waste it is transporting to outpace the water, resulting in the garbage remaining behind to block the pipeline.
4 Parameters for Septic Drainage System Design
It is not enough to just install a septic drainage system; a professional must first design the system in order to avoid the need for a significant overhaul or replacement in the near future.
Here are the four most important considerations for a successful septic system design.
1. Tank Size
The size of the tank influences the cost of installation, the frequency with which you must top up the tank, and even the lifespan of the tank itself. Although septic tank sizing is an exact science, the criteria listed below might help you get a general idea of the size of the tank you should place on your property. The total number of people The amount of sewage effluent generated by a household is determined by the size of the household. As a result, a larger tank is required for a home with a high number of occupants than for a home with a smaller family.
Active bacteria digest and treat the effluent in the tank, therefore a tank that has less bacteria activity will take longer to treat its wastes than a tank that has greater bacteria activity.
Regulations promulgated by the government In some areas, the local authority is also able to influence the size of the tank that will be installed.
2. Drainfield Size
This is the region where the actual absorption of treated wastes takes place in a septic drainfield (also known as a leach field). After the bacteria have digested the wastes in the tank and sorted the solids from the liquids, the solids sink to the bottom of the tank and the liquid drains from the tank into the surrounding environment. The treated liquid then percolates through the soil in the septic drainfield at a gradual and steady rate. The composition of the soil is one of the most important factors in determining the size of a septic drainfield.
The size of the tank is also important since a large tank produces more waste than a small tank, necessitating the usage of a large drainfield to accommodate the large tank.
3. Drainfield Location
Because the position of the drainfield is critical to the effectiveness and durability of the system, it is important to make an informed decision when selecting a location. The following are some of the elements that influence the location of drainfields:
- The whole area of the land. You must provide appropriate area for the drainfield
- Otherwise, the wastes would take a long time to be absorbed by the drainfield, causing pollution of the surrounding environment. The dirt. The drainfield should be located on soil that has adequate drainage
- The soil should filter out effluent while yet allowing liquid waste to soak deep into the earth. The physical environment. In order to prevent effluent from flowing down the slope and into the soil, the drainfield should not be located on a steep slope
- Otherwise, the drainfield would be ineffective.
The elements listed above are only a few instances of what you should take into consideration. Your septic professional will assist you in determining the most appropriate location for your drainfield on your property.
4. Tank Material
Septic tanks are available in a variety of materials, each with their own set of advantages and disadvantages. The following are some examples of standard tank materials:
- Concrete. These tanks are quite inexpensive and simple to build, however they are subject to cracking due to the fact that they are made of steel. The tanks are not subject to cracking, but they are susceptible to rust damage
- They are made of fiberglass. Unlike concrete and steel, the tanks do not break or corrode, as is the case with these materials. The unfortunate fact is that they are more vulnerable to harm as a result of soil movements.
Last but not least, consider your own tastes as well as the cost, the nature of the soil in your house, and any recommendations given by the specialist when making your decision on which material is ideal for you.
Septic system design and installation necessitates the involvement of qualified septic professionals. If you do not, your septic system may collapse before its time. For assistance in designing and installing an effective septic drainage system, contactEconomy Septic Tank Service.
Mound Septic Systems
The final decision on which material to use will be influenced by your own tastes, the cost involved, the type of your soil, and the recommendation of the specialist. Having the expertise of septic professionals is essential for septic design and implementation. A failure of your septic system may result if you do not follow these instructions. For assistance in designing and installing an effective septic drainage system, contact Economy Septic Tank Service.
Perspective
Q:Good morning, Tim. According to your profile on AsktheBuilder.com, you’ve been a master plumber for over 40 years. I just relocated from a city home that relied on a city sewer system to a rural retirement home that relied on a septic tank system. What information can you provide me on septic tanks? At my last residence, I experienced clogging difficulties in my main drain pipe, and the drain-cleaning company determined that the cause was grease. In terms of drain lines in a home, what are some best practices to follow and how does one ensure that they are always in proper working order?
Frank’s situation reminded me of my own 12 years ago when I relocated from a metropolis on a municipal sewer system to rural New Hampshire with a septic tank system.
The drain lines in any home, whether or whether it is linked to a city sewer or a septic tank, are the first thing to discuss.
A plumbing drain pipe should have a slope of 3/16 inch every foot of run, in my view, to achieve the best performance.
This is something you do not want to happen since solid material resting in a drain pipe might begin to pile up and cause a blockage.
You would do well to use old paper towels to soak up any oil that has accumulated on your cooking pots and pans.
This includes cleaning grease-covered plates with old paper towels before putting them into the dishwasher.
If you prefer, you can use flushable wipes, but do not flush them down the toilet.
To see why you should never ever flush these textiles, watch my video about flushable wipes at AsktheBuilder.com.
In addition to being an excellent product, it will prevent grease from clogging septic tank leach fields.
Every month or so, I throw around 15 gallons of very hot water down my kitchen sink.
Every week, I dump 10 gallons of water into the tallest toilet in my house as quickly as I can, and then I flush it.
Trying not to be gross, but the closest comparison I can come up with is to image blowing one’s nose.
Septic tanks are magical boxes, as long as they are used properly, which they are in most cases.
That is the absolute maximum amount of material that should ever be placed in a septic system.
Natural bacteria begin to devour the waste at this point.
Leach fields are usually often composed of a network of pipelines through which wastewater is dispersed to a very well-drained soil that is particularly sandy.
During this process, other bacteria and oxygen work together to purify the wastewater.
It may be almost as clean as rainfall once it has been filtered by the beneficial bacteria and oxygen in the soil.
During its journey to the ocean, the water naturally flows downwards!
This bleach is so potent that it may destroy the bacterium that consumes the waste materials.
The same may be said with paints.
It’s critical to have your septic tank pumped every two or three years to keep it in good working order.
Despite how absurd it may seem, my neighbor’s manhole is buried around four feet beneath his driveway.
That’s a huge blunder on my part! Subscribe to Tim’s free newsletter and tune in to his latest podcasts to stay up to date. Visit AsktheBuilder.com for more information.
