Thousands of houses throughout Southern California have septic systems. A typical septic system consists of a septic tank and a drain field, or soil absorption field. The septic tank digests organic matter and separates floatable matter (e.g., oils and grease) and solids from the wastewater.Thousands of houses throughout Southern California have septic systems. A typical septic system consists of a septic tank and a
Septic drain field – Wikipedia
, or soil absorption field. The septic tank digests organic matter and separates floatable matter (e.g., oils and grease) and solids from the wastewater.
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- Septic Regulations in California Septic systems, when properly designed and operated, safely remove waste, such as bacteria and viruses, from water sources. They work by separating solid waste from the water, and holding this waste in a safe and manageable location, such as a holding tank.
How long does a septic tank last in California?
A well-serviced septic system can last 30 years (possibly 40 or 50) and save you money, trouble, and headache.
How does a septic tank actually work?
Septic tanks work by allowing waste to separate into three layers: solids, effluent and scum (see illustration above). The solids settle to the bottom, where microorganisms decompose them. The middle layer of effluent exits the tank and travels through underground perforated pipes into the drainage field.
How much does it cost to empty a septic tank in California?
Average Cost To Pump A Septic Tank The national average cost to clean and pump a septic tank is between $295 and $610 with most people spending around $375. Depending on the size of your septic tank, pumping could cost as low as $250 for a 750-gallon tank, or as high as $895 for a 1,250-gallon tank.
How often should a septic tank be emptied?
How Often Should I Empty My Septic Tank? To keep your sewage system running correctly, your septic tank needs to be pumped out or desludged every 1 -2 years. It is extremely important to keep your septic tank maintained.
How do you know if your septic field is failing?
The first signs of a failing septic system may include slow draining toilets and sinks, gurgling noises within the plumbing, sewage odors inside, continuing drainage backups, or bacteria in the well water. The area of the strongest odor will point to the location of the failure in the septic system.
Does shower water go into septic tank?
From your house to the tank: Most, but not all, septic systems operate via gravity to the septic tank. Each time a toilet is flushed, water is turned on or you take a shower, the water and waste flows via gravity through the plumbing system in your house and ends up in the septic tank.
Do Septic tanks have holes in them?
Most residential septic systems are designed with two tanks. Each of the two tanks has weep holes, allowing for the waste water to seep into a surrounding layer of crushed stone, which is surrounded by filter fabric. The waste water then is absorbed by the surrounding soil.
How long do Septic tanks last?
A septic system’s lifespan should be anywhere from 15 to 40 years. How long the system lasts depends on a number of factors, including construction material, soil acidity, water table, maintenance practices, and several others.
How often should a 1000 gallon septic be pumped?
For example, a 1,000 gallon septic tank, which is used by two people, should be pumped every 5.9 years. If there are eight people using a 1,000-gallon septic tank, it should be pumped every year.
Do you really need to pump your septic tank?
Septic Tanks require regular pumping to prevent malfunction and emergency servicing. The most fundamental, and arguably the most important element required to maintain your septic system is regular pumping of the septic tank. Most experts recommend pumping the septic tank every 3 to 5 years.
Will toilet flush if septic tank is full?
Toilets Flush Slowly When your septic tank is excessively full, your toilet may start acting odd. You might find that your toilet doesn’t fully flush or flushes very slowly and odd noises occur when you flush your toilet. These noises usually sound like gurgling or bubbling.
Do septic tanks smell?
A properly-maintained septic tank should be odor-free, so if you notice a bad smell inside your home or outside near the leach field, it’s a sign that there’s a problem. Septic odors are caused by gases in the system, including carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and methane.
Is a septic tank always full of water?
A septic tank should always be “filled” to its normal liquid level, or the bottom of the outlet pipe which carries effluent to the absorption area. This normal liquid level is usually between 8” to 12” from the top of the tank on average (see picture at right).
How Septic Systems Work
Septic systems are installed in thousands of homes throughout Southern California. Houses in rural areas or on vast holdings fall into this category. Because it may be prohibitively expensive to connect these properties to a municipal sewer system, a septic system is an excellent option. Underground wastewater treatment facilities, known as septic systems, are often employed in rural regions where there are no centralized sewage lines. They clean wastewater from residential plumbing, such as that produced by bathrooms, kitchen drains, and laundry, by combining natural processes with well-established technology.
It is the septic tank’s job to decompose organic matter and to remove floatable stuff (such as oils and grease) and solids from wastewater.
These systems may also include leaching chambers, or other special units designed to slowly release the effluent into the soil or surface water.
Prior to discharging wastewater into the environment or surface waterways, several alternative systems are designed to evaporate and disinfect the effluent.
Specifically, this is how a typical septic system works:
- All of the water that leaves your home drains down a single main drainage pipe and into a septic tank. An underground, water-tight container, often composed of concrete, fiberglass, or polyethylene, serves as a septic system’s holding tank. Its function is to retain wastewater for a long enough period of time to allow particles to sink to the bottom and form sludge, while oil and grease float to the surface and produce scum. Sludge and scum are prevented from exiting the tank and moving into the drain field region by compartments and a T-shaped outlet. When the tank is full, the liquid wastewater (effluent) is discharged into the drain field. The drain field is a shallow, covered hole dug in unsaturated soil that serves as a drainage system. Porous surfaces are used to release pretreated wastewater because they allow the wastewater to pass through the soil and into the groundwater. As wastewater percolates through the soil and eventually discharges into groundwater, the soil takes, processes, and disperses it. It is possible that the drain field will flood if it is overwhelmed with too much liquid. This will result in sewage flowing to the ground surface or producing backups in the toilets and sinks. Finally, the wastewater percolates into the soil, where it is naturally removed from the environment by coliform bacteria, viruses, and nutrients that are hazardous to humans. Coliform bacteria are a kind of bacteria that may be found in the intestines of humans and other warm-blooded animals, with humans being the most common host. As a result of human fecal contamination, it is a sign of this.
Understanding Septic Systems
On-site (unsewered) systems are used to dispose of domestic wastewater in more than 25 million houses, accounting for about a quarter of the population of the United States. According to the American Housing Survey for the United States, in 1993, 1.5 (million) out of every 4 (million) new owner-occupied home starts relied on some sort of onsite sewage disposal, according to the American Housing Survey. When comparing the ownership of an unsewered vs a sewered house, one of the most significant distinctions is that unsewered wastewater treatment and disposal systems must be maintained by the homeowner.
Using an onsite disposal system is the most prevalent method of treating and disposing of wastewater in rural residences.
Septic systems account for the vast majority of onsite waste disposal systems in the United States.
Typical Septic System
- Perforated pipe of 4 inches in diameter
- Absorption field
- Crushed rock or gravel-lined trench
- Access ports
- Distribution box
How It Works
A typical septic system is comprised of two key components: a septic tank and an absorption field, both of which are shown in the diagram. Distribution boxes are frequently incorporated as part of the system to distribute septic tank effluent uniformly into the absorption field, which is comprised of a network of distribution lines that connect to the absorption field. The septic tank is normally constructed of concrete or fiberglass, is underground, and must be completely waterproof in order to function properly.
To ensure correct flow patterns, most septic tanks are equipped with tees at both the input and output of the tank. Two-compartment tanks are the most common type of septic tank, followed by two single compartment tanks in sequence.
Cross-section of a two-compartment septic tank
A sewage tank’s capacity is normally built to contain 750 to 1,800 gallons of sewage, although it may be customized based on the number of bedrooms in the house and state and local regulatory regulations. In its most basic form, the septic tank serves to filter solids from liquids while also encouraging partial breakdown of pollutants by microbes that are naturally present in the wastewater to achieve the desired results. The particles, which are referred to as sludge, settle in the bottom of the tank, while the scum floats on top of the liquid at the top of the tank.
- Solids that are permitted to flow through the septic tank and into the absorption field might block the absorption field.
- Because of this, the installation of effluent filters at the septic tank outflow provides an extra layer of protection in the effort to keep particles out of the absorption area.
- The effluent is sent to the absorption field through a connecting pipe or distribution box, depending on the configuration.
- Typically, the absorption field is composed of a network of underground perforated pipes or some other proprietary distribution system.
- The absorption field, which is located in the unsaturated zone of the soil, treats the wastewater by utilizing physical, chemical, and biological processes to treat the waste water.
- Well for drinking water
- Septic tank
- Distribution box
- Absorption field
- Soil absorption (unsaturated zone)
- Groundwater (saturated zone)
- And other structures.
Wastewater treatment and disposal in soil
In excess, wastewater includes nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates, which can contaminate neighboring streams and groundwater sources, as well as the environment. Extra nutrients in drinking water sources may be damaging to human health and can damage lakes and streams by encouraging weed growth and algal blooms, both of which are detrimental to the environment. But many of these nutrients can be retained in the soil, where they are eventually taken up by the surrounding flora.
What to put in, what to keep out
- All wastewater from your house should be sent into the septic tank. Alternatively, graywater might be channeled to a mulch basin irrigation system or a disposal field. Maintain a safe distance between the absorption field and roof drains, basement sump pump drains, and any rainfall or surface water drainage systems. Increased flooding of the absorption field will inhibit the soil’s ability to naturally cleanse the wastewater, which will result in groundwater and/or surrounding surface water contamination. Conserve water to keep the septic system from being overloaded. Make careful to fix any dripping faucets or leaking toilets. Make use of low-flow plumbing fittings. When dealing with a clogged drain, avoid using caustic drain openers. Clogs should be unclogged instead with hot water or a drain snake. Avoid the use of septic tank additives, commercial septic tank cleaners, yeast, sugar, and other similar substances. Several of these items are not required, and some may even be damaging to your health. Commercial bathroom cleansers and laundry detergents should only be used in small amounts. Many individuals choose to clean their toilets, sinks, showers, and tubs using a gentle detergent or baking soda rather than harsh chemicals. If you have a trash disposal unit, check with the Humboldt County Division of Environmental Health (DEH) to ensure that your septic system is capable of handling the increased waste. Do not allow backwash from your water softener to enter your septic tank. Your septic system is not a garbage disposal system. Grease, disposable diapers, sanitary napkins, tampons, condoms, paper towels, plastics, cat litter, latex paint, pesticides, and other potentially dangerous substances should not be introduced into your system. Records should be kept of all system maintenance operations including repairs, pumping, inspections, permits granted, and other activities. Find out where your septic system is located in your home. Keep a sketch of it with your maintenance record in case you need to bring it in for servicing. Schedule an inspection and pumping of your septic system every three to five years by a professional inspector or contractor
- Only grass should be planted over and near your septic system. A blockage or damage to the absorption field may be caused by roots from surrounding plants or bushes. No portion of your septic system should be driven over or parked over. This might cause the dirt to contract and your system to be crushed.
In summary, understanding how your septic system works and following a few simple principles will help to ensure that your septic system is a safe and cost-effective method of treating and disposing of wastewater on your property.
California Laws on Septic Tanks
Aapsky/iStock/GettyImages As a result, some homes in rural regions are required to build on-site wastewater treatment systems, sometimes known as septic tanks, because they are unable to connect to municipal sewage networks. Make sure you are aware with the rules and regulations before installing an aseptic tank in California. The California State Board of Health modified its septic tank installation requirements in 2012 to address and avoid system failures caused by improper placement and construction of septic tanks.
California Septic Tank Classifications
Septic tanks in California are classified according to a tier system, which is outlined in state law. An evaluation is carried out by a state-licensed contractor in order to establish the appropriate tier for an existing system or a new site: Tier 0 refers to existing septic systems with predicted flow rates of up to 10,000 gallons per day that are in excellent condition and do not represent a recognized hazard to local water sources or the environment. In low-risk locations with no Local Agency Management Program and expected flow of up to 3,500 gallons per day, Tier 1 septic systems are new or replacement systems with up to 3,500 gallons per day of projected flow.
The predicted flow rate is up to 10,000 gallons per day in Tier 2 areas.
Those with current septic systems in disrepair, or those producing environmental harm as a result of effluent seepage or runoff, should consider Tier 4.
Existing Septic Tank Systems
Septic tank systems that were installed prior to the effective date of the amended California septic system laws are largely unaffected by the policy revisions enacted. If they are classified as Tier 0 and are in excellent working order, as well as posing no known harm to local water sources or the environment, homeowners can continue to use them as they have been without making any modifications to their systems.
California Septic Tank Regulations
An individual who wishes to establish a septic system on his or her land is required by California State Water Board to first seek a septic tank permit from the California State Water Board. The first stage is an examination of the site by a contractor who is licensed by the state. Installation of septic systems must be done by a certified professional or by the homeowner, and they must pass inspection by the local water board before they may be used. The size of a residential septic tank is determined by the number of bedrooms in the house or apartment.
Preventing the accumulation of solid wastes in the leach field from migrating into the leach field is the most critical step in keeping a trouble-free septic system running.
According to the size of the family and the amount of solid waste produced, a residential septic system should be pumped once every one to five years.
The price varies according to the circumstances, but is normally in the range of $300 to $500. Your tank must be completely exposed in order to be examined and pumped. You may either do it yourself or hire a pumper to do it for you.
Improving Septic Tank Systems
Rather than risk being fined for having an unlawful septic system, California residents should consider installing an aerobic system to extend the usable life of their septic tank and cure a variety of septic tank problems before they cause the entire system to fail completely. It increases the effectiveness of the in-tank decomposition process and minimizes the danger of environmental harm caused by runoff, seepage, or surface effluent dispersal by increasing the flow of air into the tank.
Onsite Wasterwater Information (Septic Systems)
Septic systems are used to treat and dispose of wastewater from residential, commercial, and industrial operations in regions that are predominantly rural and not serviced by municipal sewage systems. According to California law, the Water Board is responsible for regulating discharges (including those from septic systems) in order to maintain long-term protection of water quality. Please read the following material carefully since it is intended to assist you in understanding the Water Board’s laws on septic systems and the maintenance of such systems.
If you would like additional information, you may visit the Water Quality Control Policy for Siting, Design, Operation, and Maintenance of Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems (OWTS Policy) page on the State Water Board’s website.
Implementation of the State OWTS Policy
During a meeting held on June 19, 2012, the State Water Board enacted the Water Quality Control Policy for Siting, Design, Operation, and Maintenance of Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems, which can be seen here (OWTS Policy). The OWTS Policy, which is applicable nationwide, appoints regional boards as having primary responsibility for supervising its implementation and asks for the adoption of the OWTS Policy requirements into regional boards’ basin plans, which are then implemented. The implementation of the OWTS Policy allows for more effective and efficient requlation of onsite systems, resulting in reduced costs.
Additional Onsite Information Resources
- State Water Resources Control Board
- Statewide Regulation of Onsite Wastewater Systems (AB885)
- United States Environmental Protection Agency
- Onsite Wastewater Treatment System Fact Sheet
Septic Regulations in California
Septic systems, when correctly constructed and run, are capable of safely removing waste from water sources, including germs and viruses. They function by separating solid waste from water and storing the separated waste in a secure and controllable area, such as a holding tank, until the waste can be disposed of. People who live in locations where they are responsible for individual water treatment must construct and maintain a septic system that is compliant with the requirements established by the California Environmental Protection Agency and the California State Water Resources Control Board.
State Regulations
The adoption of Assembly Bill 885, which was passed into law in 2000, resulted in new state regulations for on-site wastewater treatment, often known as septic systems.
The California Water Board is mandated by the legislation to set and enforce consistent criteria for the minimum levels of acceptable operation of on-site wastewater treatment in order to safeguard the state’s water supply and promote good public health on a state-wide basis.
Permit Process
Permits are sought via the California State Water Board, which may be found here. Currently, a site inspection performed by a state-licensed contractor is necessary prior to the installation of a sewage treatment system. Septic systems must be constructed by either a competent professional or by the homeowner, and they must pass inspection by the local water board before they can be used.
Helpful Contacts
Water Resources Control Board of the State of New YorkP.O. Box 100 Sacramento, California (95812-0100).
Finding a Septic Service Company in California
View our database of small businesses that provide septic tank pumping and servicing in the state of California.
How often should my septic tank pumped in California
It is mandatory for homeowners who do not have access to the city’s sewage system to build septic tanks in their backyards. They function by burying wastewater underground, where buoyancy and bulk cause the contents to separate from the surrounding water. Solids settle in the bottom of a conventional wastewater treatment tank (sludge), water settles in the middle, and oils and fats settle on the top of the tank (oil scum) (scum). A large number of bacteria in the tank are actively involved in the decomposition of the tank’s contents.
- The soil filters the water and scum mixture, allowing contaminants to be removed.
- While the majority of homeowners should have their septic tanks cleaned every 3 to 5 years, depending on the size of your septic tank and the size of your family, you may require Septic Tank Cleaning Services as frequently as every 1-3 years in some cases.
- It is vital to clean your tank on a regular basis in order to avoid the different complications that might arise from a full tank.
- Let’s take a look at some of the warning signs that your aseptic tank isn’t being pumped regularly enough.
Drains that are slow to drain or flush
It is a strong signal that your septic tank is beginning to show indications of strain when your drains are not functioning properly. You will most likely notice that your tub, sink, or shower will not drain as quickly as they should, and that your toilet will not flush as thoroughly as it should. If you notice this warning indication in your house, it is important not to disregard it. Take action immediately before this scenario escalates into something significantly more expensive and complex.
Bad Odor
As your septic tank fills with waste, it becomes increasingly difficult to keep the odor-causing gases contained within it. Some of these gases may begin to emanate from your drains or toilets in your house at various times of the year or during specific seasons. The drain field can also be a conduit for the escape of other odor-causing gases, resulting in an unpleasant sulfurous or sewage-like odor in the area around your home.
You should contact Lanik Septic Service right away at 951-676-7114 if you begin to notice foul odors in your house. This will allow you to have the matter repaired before it becomes worse.
Unexpectedly Lush and Green Lawn Over the Drain
When a septic system is running properly, it should not be the case that the lawn above a septic drain field seems much better than the remainder of the lawn. If you are able to readily map out your drain field, this suggests that there is an issue with it. Additional fertilizer is being applied to the grass, as shown by this symbol. This indicates that you should get your septic system assessed right away to avoid establishing an unhealthy and perhaps hazardous condition on your property.
Standing Water
The presence of standing water in various spots across your yard indicates that your septic tank is close to being completely depleted. The most prevalent locations where this occurs are in close proximity to the septic tank and drain field. A reliable indication that your septic system requires pumping and comprehensive inspection is the presence of water pooling in certain areas of your yard or yard equipment It is possible that your septic tank is becoming overcrowded, which might lead to the most catastrophic of all problems: wastewater backing up into your house.
Backup of Sewage
It is undeniably unpleasant to have untreated wastewater backing up into your house, and it is certainly something that no one wants to experience at any point in their lives. However, let’s say you don’t have a regular pumping or inspection schedule for your septic tank and you ignore the warning flags described above. This is a bad situation. If such is the case, you will almost certainly find yourself in this predicament in the future. If this occurs, contact an aseptic service as soon as possible and avoid the contaminated area as much as possible.
Keep a regular inspection and pumping regimen in place in order to prevent dealing with the unpleasant signs outlined above.
In the event that a septic problem emerges, Lanik Septic Service is well-equipped to handle it.
FAQs
Having untreated wastewater back up into a house is an obvious indicator of a larger problem, and it is unquestionably something that no one wants to experience at any point in their lives. However, let’s say you don’t have a regular pumping or inspection schedule for your septic tank and you ignore the warning flags described above. That would be awful. As a result, you will almost certainly find yourself in similar predicament again. Immediately notify aseptic service and stay away from the contaminated area if this should occur.
The most efficient strategy to avoiding dealing with the unpleasant signs outlined above is to maintain a regular inspection and pumping schedule in your facility.
In the event that a septic problem emerges, Lanik Septic Service is well-prepared to handle it. Even yet, enrolling in our regular service plan and ensuring that your septicsystem is in top operational condition is the most effective approach to avoid disasters from occuring.
Call Today for A Free Consultation on Our Septic Tank Cleaning Services – Available Throughout RiversideSan Diego Counties
Your tank will get overfilled and will require frequent cleaning or pumping to keep it operating properly. While the majority of homeowners have their septic tanks cleaned every 3 to 5 years, the length of time depends on the size of your septic tank and the size of your family; you may require Septic Tank Cleaning Services as frequently as every 1-3 years in some cases. If you are unclear of how full your septic tank is, it is advised that you get it professionally evaluated by septic tank contractors.
If you live in or near San Diego County or Riverside, California, you may benefit from the services of Lanikseptic tank cleaning services.
Where The Poop Goes. A Homeowner’s Guide to Septic Systems
Septic systems are installed in thousands of homes throughout Southern California. Houses in rural areas or on vast holdings fall into this category. Because it may be prohibitively expensive to connect these properties to a municipal sewer system, a septic system is an excellent option. Underground wastewater treatment facilities, known as septic systems, are often employed in rural regions where there are no centralized sewage lines. They clean wastewater from residential plumbing, such as that produced by bathrooms, kitchen drains, and laundry, by combining natural processes with well-established technology.
It is the septic tank’s job to decompose organic matter and to remove floatable stuff (such as oils and grease) and solids from wastewater.
These systems may also include leaching chambers, or other special units designed to slowly release the effluent into the soil or surface water.
Prior to discharging wastewater into the environment or surface waterways, several alternative systems are designed to evaporate and disinfect the effluent.
Specifically, this is how a typical septic system works:
- All of the water that leaves your home drains down a single main drainage pipe and into a septic tank. An underground, water-tight container, often composed of concrete, fiberglass, or polyethylene, serves as a septic system’s holding tank. Its function is to retain wastewater for a long enough period of time to allow particles to sink to the bottom and form sludge, while oil and grease float to the surface and produce scum. Sludge and scum are prevented from exiting the tank and moving into the drain field region by compartments and a T-shaped outlet. When the tank is full, the liquid wastewater (effluent) is discharged into the drain field. The drain field is a shallow, covered hole dug in unsaturated soil that serves as a drainage system. Porous surfaces are used to release pretreated wastewater because they allow the wastewater to pass through the soil and into the groundwater. As wastewater percolates through the soil and eventually discharges into groundwater, the soil takes, processes, and disperses it. It is possible that the drain field will flood if it is overwhelmed with too much liquid. This will result in sewage flowing to the ground surface or producing backups in the toilets and sinks. Finally, the wastewater percolates into the soil, where it is naturally removed from the environment by coliform bacteria, viruses, and nutrients that are hazardous to humans. Coliform bacteria are a kind of bacteria that may be found in the intestines of humans and other warm-blooded animals, with humans being the most common host. As a result of human fecal contamination, it is a sign of this.
To learn more about environmental health rules and regulations, you may also visit the County of San Diego Department of Environmental Health by clicking on this emblem.
Land and Water Quality DivisionAdministrative StaffDivision ChiefLars Seifert858.495.5572 Land and Water Quality Division Numbers in general Land Use Desk Duty Phone858.565.5173Septic Inspection Line858.694.2553E-mail: [email protected] Inspection Line858.565.5173
| Supervisor | Phone No. | Title |
| Craig Caes | 858.694.2551 | Program Supervisor |
| Staff | ||
| Scott Rosecrans | 619.208.0337 | Environmental Health Specialist – Discretionary Projects |
| Desiree Hogervorst | 619.607.8354 | Environmental Health Specialist – Project Processing |
| Catherine Dean | 619.204.0702 | Environmental Health Specialist – Project Processing |
| Jenna Poitras | 619.341.2129 | Environmental Health Specialist – Project Processing |
| Ed Paredes | 858.505.6806 | Environmental Health Specialist – Project Processing |
| Steven Tabbutt | 858.694.3148 | Office Support |
| Daisy Ghormley | 858.694.3086 | Office Support |
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Types of Septic Systems
Septic system design and size can differ significantly from one neighborhood to the next, as well as throughout the country, due to a variety of variables. Household size, soil type, slope of the site, lot size, closeness to sensitive water bodies, weather conditions, and even municipal ordinances are all considerations to take into consideration. The following are 10 of the most often encountered septic system configurations. It should be noted that this is not an exhaustive list; there are several additional types of septic systems.
- Septic Tank, Conventional System, Chamber System, Drip Distribution System, Aerobic Treatment Unit, Mound Systems, Recirculating Sand Filter System, Evapotranspiration System, Constructed Wetland System, Cluster / Community System, etc.
Septic Tank
This tank is underground and waterproof, and it was designed and built specifically for receiving and partially treating raw home sanitary wastewater. Generally speaking, heavy materials settle at or near the bottom of the tank, whereas greases and lighter solids float to the surface. The sediments are retained in the tank, while the wastewater is sent to the drainfield for further treatment and dispersion once it has been treated.
Conventional System
Septic tanks and trench or bed subsurface wastewater infiltration systems are two types of decentralized wastewater treatment systems (drainfield). When it comes to single-family homes and small businesses, a traditional septic system is the most common type of system. For decades, people have used a gravel/stone drainfield as a method of water drainage. The term is derived from the process of constructing the drainfield. A short underground trench made of stone or gravel collects wastewater from the septic tank in this configuration, which is commonly used.
Effluent filters through the stone and is further cleaned by microorganisms once it reaches the soil below the gravel/stone trench, which is located below the trench.
Chamber System
Gravelless drainfields have been regularly utilized in various states for more than 30 years and have evolved into a standard technology that has mostly replaced gravel systems. Various configurations are possible, including open-bottom chambers, pipe that has been clothed, and synthetic materials such as expanded polystyrene media. Gravelless systems can be constructed entirely of recycled materials, resulting in considerable reductions in carbon dioxide emissions during their lifetime. The chamber system is a type of gravelless system that can be used as an example.
The key advantage of the chamber system is the enhanced simplicity with which it can be delivered and built.
This sort of system is made up of a number of chambers that are connected to one another.
Wastewater is transported from the septic tank to the chambers through pipes. The wastewater comes into touch with the earth when it is contained within the chambers. The wastewater is treated by microbes that live on or near the soil.
Drip Distribution System
An effluent dispersal system such as the drip distribution system may be employed in a variety of drainfield configurations and is very versatile. In comparison to other distribution systems, the drip distribution system does not require a vast mound of dirt because the drip laterals are only placed into the top 6 to 12 inches of soil. In addition to requiring a big dosage tank after the sewage treatment plant to handle scheduled dose delivery of wastewater to drip absorption areas, the drip distribution system has one major disadvantage: it is more expensive.
Aerobic Treatment Unit
Aerobic Treatment Units (ATUs) are small-scale wastewater treatment facilities that employ many of the same procedures as a municipal sewage plant. An aerobic system adds oxygen to the treatment tank using a pump. When there is an increase in oxygen in the system, there is an increase in natural bacterial activity, which then offers extra treatment for nutrients in the effluent. It is possible that certain aerobic systems may additionally include a pretreatment tank as well as a final treatment tank that will include disinfection in order to further lower pathogen levels.
ATUs should be maintained on a regular basis during their service life.
Mound Systems
Using mound systems in regions with short soil depth, high groundwater levels, or shallow bedrock might be a good alternative. A drainfield trench has been dug through the sand mound that was erected. The effluent from the septic tank runs into a pump chamber, where it is pumped to the mound in the amounts recommended. During its release to the trench, the effluent filters through the sand and is dispersed into the native soil, where it continues to be treated. However, while mound systems can be an effective solution for some soil conditions, they demand a significant amount of land and require regular care.
Recirculating Sand Filter System
Sand filter systems can be built either above or below ground, depending on the use. The effluent is discharged from the septic tank into a pump compartment. Afterwards, it is pushed into the sand filter. The sand filter is often made of PVC or a concrete box that is filled with a sand-like substance. The effluent is pushed through the pipes at the top of the filter under low pressure to the drain. As the effluent exits the pipelines, it is treated as it passes through the sand filtering system.
However, sand filters are more costly than a standard septic system because they provide a higher level of nutrient treatment and are thus better suited for areas with high water tables or that are adjacent to bodies of water.
Evapotranspiration System
Evaporative cooling systems feature drainfields that are one-of-a-kind. It is necessary to line the drainfield at the base of the evapotranspiration system with a waterproof material. Following the entry of the effluent into the drainfield, it evaporates into the atmosphere. At the same time, the sewage never filters into the soil and never enters groundwater, unlike other septic system designs. It is only in particular climatic circumstances that evapotranspiration systems are effective. The environment must be desert, with plenty of heat and sunshine, and no precipitation.
Constructed Wetland System
Construction of a manufactured wetland is intended to simulate the treatment processes that occur in natural wetland areas. Wastewater goes from the septic tank and into the wetland cell, where it is treated. Afterwards, the wastewater goes into the media, where it is cleaned by microorganisms, plants, and other media that eliminate pathogens and nutrients. Typically, a wetland cell is constructed with an impermeable liner, gravel and sand fill, and the necessary wetland plants, all of which must be capable of withstanding the constant saturation of the surrounding environment.
As wastewater travels through the wetland, it may escape the wetland and flow onto a drainfield, where it will undergo more wastewater treatment before being absorbed into the soil by bacteria.
Cluster / Community System
In certain cases, a decentralized wastewater treatment system is owned by a group of people and is responsible for collecting wastewater from two or more residences or buildings and transporting it to a treatment and dispersal system placed on a suitable location near the dwellings or buildings. Cluster systems are widespread in settings like rural subdivisions, where they may be found in large numbers.
How Does a Septic Tank Work?
Mr. Fix-It-Up-For-The-Family You may save a lot of money if you understand how a sewage treatment system works—and what can go wrong—so that you can handle your own septic system maintenance.
How does a septic tank work?
Pumping the tank on a regular basis eliminates sludge and scum, which helps to keep a septic system in good working order. It is possible for a well-designed and well built septic system to last for decades, or it might collapse in a matter of years. It is entirely up to you as long as you can answer the question of how do septic tanks function. Healthy septic systems are very inexpensive to maintain, but digging up and replacing a septic system that has completely collapsed may easily cost tens of thousands in labor and material costs.
It’s critical to understand how a septic tank works in order to maintain one.
Let’s take a look below ground and observe what happens in a properly operating septic system, shall we? After that, I’ll explain why things go wrong and offer you some tips on how to keep your system in peak operating condition.
Understand that a septic system is a cafeteria for bacteria
Bacteria are responsible for the proper operation of a septic system. They decompose garbage, resulting in water that is clean enough to safely trickle down into the earth’s surface. The entire system is set up to keep bacteria healthy and busy at all times. Some of them reside in the tank, but the majority of them are found in the drain field. 1. The septic tank is the final destination for all waste. 2. The majority of the tank is filled with watery waste, referred to as “effluent.” Anaerobic bacteria begin to break down the organic matter in the effluent as soon as it enters the system.
- A layer of sludge settles to the bottom of the container.
- 4.
- Scum is mostly constituted of fats, greases, and oils, among other substances.
- Grease and oils float to the surface of the water.
- (5) A filter stops the majority of particles from reaching the exit pipe.
- The effluent is discharged into the drain field.
- Effluent is allowed to leak into the surrounding gravel because of holes in the drain septic field pipe.
- The garbage is completely decomposed by aerobic bacteria found in gravel and dirt.
- Potable water seeps into the groundwater and aquifer system from the surface.
Septic Tank Clean Out: Don’t abuse the system
Septic systems that have been correctly planned and constructed require just occasional ‘pumping’ to remove the sludge and scum that has built up inside the tank. However, if you don’t understand how a septic tank works, you may unintentionally hurt or even destroy the system.
- Drains are used to dispose of waste that decomposes slowly (or not at all). Cigarette butts, diapers, and coffee grounds are all known to cause issues. Garbage disposers, if utilized excessively, can introduce an excessive amount of solid waste into the system. Lint from synthetic fibers is emitted from washing machine lint traps. This substance is not degraded by bacteria in the tank and drain septic field. Bacteria are killed by chemicals found in the home, such as disinfecting cleansers and antibacterial soaps. The majority of systems are capable of withstanding limited usage of these goods, but the less you use them, the better. When a large amount of wastewater is produced in a short period of time, the tank is flushed away too quickly. When there is too much sludge, bacteria’s capacity to break down waste is reduced. Sludge can also overflow into the drain field if there is too much of it. Sludge or scum obstructs the flow of water via a pipe. It is possible for tree and shrub roots to obstruct and cause harm to a drain field. Compacted soil and gravel prevent wastewater from seeping into the ground and deprive germs of oxygen. Most of the time, this is caused by vehicles driving or parking on the drain field.
Get your tank pumped…
Your tank must be emptied on a regular basis by a professional. Pumping eliminates the accumulation of sludge and scum that has accumulated in the tank, which has caused the bacterial action to be slowed. If you have a large tank, it may be necessary to pump it once a year; but, depending on the size of your tank and the quantity of waste you send through the system, you may go two or three years between pumpings. Inquire with your inspector about an approximate guideline for how frequently your tank should be pumped.
…but don’t hire a pumper until you need it
Inspections and pumping should be performed on a regular basis. However, if you’re not afraid of getting your hands dirty, you may verify the sludge level yourself with a gadget known as The Sludge Judge. It ranges in price from $100 to $125 and is commonly accessible on the internet. Once you’ve verified that your tank is one-third full with sludge, you should contact a professional to come out and pump it out completely.
Install an effluent filter in your septic system
Garbage from your home accumulates into three distinct strata.
The septic filter is responsible for preventing blockage of the drain field pipes.
Septic tank filter close-up
The septic tank filter is responsible for capturing suspended particles that may otherwise block the drain field pipes. Obtain an effluent filter for your tank from your contractor and place it on the outflow pipe of your tank. (It will most likely cost between $50 and $100, plus labor.) This device, which helps to prevent sediments from entering the drain field, will need to be cleaned out on a regular basis by a contractor to maintain its effectiveness.
Solution for a clogged septic system
The septic tank filter is responsible for capturing suspended particles that may otherwise block the drainage field pipes. Inquire with your contractor about installing an effluent filter on the outflow line from your storage tank. In addition to labor, it will likely cost $50 to $100. In order to prevent sediments from entering the drain field, this device must be cleaned out by a contractor on an as-needed basis.
Get an inspection
Following a comprehensive first check performed by an expert, regular inspections will cost less than $100 each inspection for the next year. Your professional will be able to inform you how often you should get your system inspected as well as how a septic tank functions. As straightforward as a septic system appears, determining its overall condition necessitates the services of a professional. There are a plethora of contractors who would gladly pump the sludge out of your tank, but many, in my experience, are unable to explain how a septic system works or how it should be maintained.
A certification scheme for septic contractors has been established in certain states; check with your state’s Secretary of State’s office to see whether yours is one of them.
Also, a qualified inspector will be able to tell you whether or not your tank is large enough to accommodate your household’s needs, as well as the maximum amount of water that can be passed through it in a single day.
As you learn more about how a septic tank works, your professional should be able to tell you whether or not your system will benefit from this treatment.
Alternatives to a new drain field
If an examination or a sewage backup indicate that your drain field is in need of replacement, the only option is to replace it completely. As a result, it’s important to talk with a contractor about other possibilities before proceeding with the project.
- Pipes should be cleaned. A rotating pressure washer, used by a contractor, may be used to clean out the drain septic field pipes. The cost of “jetting” the pipes is generally around $200. Chemicals should be used to clean the system. A commercial solution (not a home-made one) that enhances the quantity of oxygen in the drain field should be discussed with your contractor before installing your new system. Septic-Scrub is a product that I suggest. A normal treatment will cost between $500 and $1,000. Make the soil more pliable. The practice of “terra-lifting,” which involves pumping high-pressure air into several spots surrounding the drain field, is authorized in some regions. Some contractors use it to shatter compacted dirt around the pipes. Depending on the circumstances, this might cost less than $1,000 or as much as $4,000 or more.
Protect your drain septic field from lint
When this device is in place, it inhibits lint from entering the system, especially synthetic fibers that bacteria are unable to digest.
One of these filters, which I’ve designed and termed theSeptic Protector, was invented by me. An additional filter is included in the price of around $150 plus delivery. Learn more about how to filter out laundry lint in this article.
Don’t overload the septic system
Reduce the amount of water you use. The volume of water that flows into your tank, particularly over a short period of time, can be reduced to avoid untreated waste from being flushed into your drain field. Replace outdated toilets with low-flow ones, install low-flow showerheads, and, perhaps most importantly, wash laundry throughout the week rather than just on Saturday mornings to save water.
Meet the Expert
Septic systems, according to Jim vonMeier, are the solution to America’s water deficit because they supply cleaned water to depleted aquifers, according to vonMeier. He travels the country lobbying for septic systems, giving lectures, and giving testimony. For septic system inquiries, as well as information on the operation of the septic tank, contact him by email.
Finding Your Septic Tank
When it comes to something as enormous as a septic tank on your property, you may assume it’s simple to keep track of it. However, if your septic tank lid is buried below, as is commonly the case, it could be more difficult to discover than you think. Knowing where your septic tank is located on your property is critical to doing routine maintenance on your septic system. Eventually, all septic tanks will become overflowing and will require pumping. When your tank’s lid is difficult to locate, you may be at a loss for what to do or where to look for the lid when you need it.
There are several risks connected with detecting your septic tank, which is why it is better to leave this operation to the pros.
In other circumstances, particularly if you are not the original owner of the property, you may be completely unaware of the location of the lids.
The following are some straightforward suggestions that may assist you in locating your septic tank lids.
Why You Need to Know the Location of The Septic Tank
The first reason you should try to locate your septic tank is that knowing where it is will help you to properly repair and care for it in the future. It is never a good idea to construct a structure or install heavy goods on top of a septic tank. And you don’t want to park your car or truck on top of it, and you don’t want visitors to your house to park their cars on top of it, too. Due to the weight of the automobiles, there is a possibility that the tank would collapse due to excessive pressure.
To determine the position of the septic tank in the event that it is necessary for pumping or cleaning, see the following chart: If roots grow into the pipes of your septic system, they may block the system, causing it to malfunction.
When you know where the tank is going to be, you may arrange your landscaping such that only shallow-rooted plants, such as grass, are in close proximity to the tank.
You should be aware that roots can develop into your septic system’s pipes, resulting in blockages. You may arrange your landscaping such that only shallow-rooted plants, such as grass, are in close proximity to the tank once you know where it is.
Finding the Septic Tank
If you are satisfied that there are no problems, then the following suggestions will assist you in locating your tank lid: If you have a map, consulting it will be the quickest and most certain method of locating your tank lids. It is recommended that you submit this map with your home inspection documentation if you have recently acquired the property. If you don’t have one, you can request one from the county. This is often a schematic that depicts the exact position of the tank in question.
- If you are purchasing a new home, the inspection documents will provide information on the septic tank’s location.
- Most of the time, these “As-builts” include a graphic with dimensions that may be used to assist you determine where the septic tank is located on your property.
- Assuming you have access to your home’s as-built drawing, make careful to check the orientations of your tank and your house, as well as how far the tank is away from one of your home’s sides where your sewage drains.
- Don’t be concerned if you don’t have access to a map at the time.
- Every septic tank is connected to the main sewage line that runs from your house.
- In most cases, your septic tank and drainfield are built in a line parallel to the sewer line that goes from your home into the backyard.
- Using a probe, follow the pipe across the yard, probing every 2 to 3 feet.
- You may use a narrow probe, sometimes known as a soil probe, to track down the pipes that are leaving your home as you follow them.
- Septic tanks are typically installed between 10 and 25 feet away from your home.
The tank will not be positioned in close proximity to your residence. When utilizing a probe, you may find yourself striking hard on a flat surface, which may be made of polyethylene or even fiberglass. When you come across anything like that, you know you’ve found the storage tank.
For whatever reason you do not have access to a map, or if you do have access to a map but are having difficulty locating the sewage line, you can seek for ground markers to guide you. The average size of a septic tank is 40 square feet, so even in the presence of grass or other plants, such a huge tank will leave even the slightest deformation in the ground. With the passage of time, septic tanks become overgrown with grass, making it difficult to locate the precise site of the septic tank since it becomes covered behind the growth of grass and bushes.
You will not have to dig around in the yard looking for your septic tank if you are evaluating the yard in a few specific locations.
- Under any paved surface, such as a road or parking lot
- If there is a well in the complex, it should be located adjacent to it. Not in the vicinity of large trees or a wall
- It’s not in close proximity to the house. The septic tank shall be situated at a minimum of five feet away from the house.
Using these hints, you may locate your septic tank:
- Examine the area around the property for an odd pile of soil or a hill, which might indicate the presence of a septic tank. Look for interesting vegetation in whatever location you visit. If you notice that there is a region of your yard where the grass grows unusually quickly, it is possible that the septic tank is situated there. If you see a bald spot in your yard, it is possible that it is caused by the septic tank. Perhaps the tank isn’t set up correctly, and the grass can’t organically grow in the tank
If your neighbors have septic systems as well, they may be able to assist you in locating your tank. Inquire of your neighbors about the location of their septic tanks in relation to their residences. Houses in the same area tend to follow a pattern that is predictable.
What to Do After You Find Your Septic Tank
Once you have determined the location of your tank, it is time to bring in the experts. However, before you send in a team of experienced plumbers, there are a few things you can do to ensure that others do not experience the same difficulty locating the tank and to make locating the tank in the future easier. 1. Make a note of its location. You do not need to set up a large sign in your yard to identify your septic tank, but you should leave some sort of marker so that you can readily locate the tank and its lid when you need to access them.
- You may also draw a map or diagram to illustrate where the item is located.
- 2.
- A few hundred dollars every couple of years to keep your system in good working order can save you thousands of dollars in costly repairs down the road.
- It is also important to avoid flushing anything that is not intended to be flushed, such as paper towels, face tissues, and cat litter, during routine maintenance.
- 3.
- Your septic tank may require pumping or cleaning, and you may also wish to replace the tank in your Southern California house.
Call West Coast Sanitation Today!
The pros should be contacted as soon as you have located your tank. Prior to calling in a team of experienced plumbers, there are a few things you can do to ensure that others do not have the same difficulty locating the tank and to make locating the tank in the future easier in the future. Its location should be noted. 2. You do not need to set up a large sign in your yard to identify your septic tank, but you should leave some sort of marker so that you can readily locate the tank and its lid when you need to use them.
Alternatively, you may draw a map or diagram to illustrate where it is situated.
2.
A few hundred dollars every couple of years to keep your system in good working order can save you thousands of dollars in expensive repairs down the road.
Maintenance also entails not flushing anything that is not intended for flushing, like as paper towels, face tissues, and cat litter, among other things.
3. Consult with an expert. It is not common for people to undertake their own septic system maintenance. A professional plumbing firm should be contacted if your septic tank needs to be pumped or cleaned, or if you wish to replace the tank in your Southern California house.
