Deterioration of the concrete septic tank is typically caused by hydrogen sulfide gas. Most deterioration issues are associated with heavy garbage disposal usage as the rotting food creates hydrogen sulfide.
What is a septic tank in wastewater treatment?
- The term “septic” refers to the anaerobic bacterial environment that develops in the tank which decomposes or mineralizes the waste discharged into the tank. Septic tanks can be coupled with other onsite wastewater treatment units such as biofilters or aerobic systems involving artificially forced aeration.
How does a septic tank float work?
In the case of septic systems, the float switch is used to detect the level of effluent in a septic tank. The effluent pump will begin to pump when the float switch is closed. This will cause the effluent level to drop and will eventually open the circuit when the level gets low enough.
What happens when septic tank floods?
Bacteria break down the solids (the organic matter) in the tank. During floods or heavy rains, the soil around the septic tank and in the drain field become saturated, or water-logged, and the effluent from the septic tank can’t properly drain though the soil.
What is septic tank sizing?
Standard size of septic tank in feet:- standard size of septic tank should be 5 feet long by 2.5 feet wide by 3.3 feet in depth. This septic tank has capacity of 1000 litres of liquid wastages ideal for 5 users of house hold.
What waste is septic tank sludge?
What is septic tank sludge? sludge – which is the solids that collect at the bottom of the tank and where most of the bacteria involved in the breakdown of biodegradable material – in the absence of oxygen – live.
What are the signs that your septic tank is full?
Here are some of the most common warning signs that you have a full septic tank:
- Your Drains Are Taking Forever.
- Standing Water Over Your Septic Tank.
- Bad Smells Coming From Your Yard.
- You Hear Gurgling Water.
- You Have A Sewage Backup.
- How often should you empty your septic tank?
How do you tell if your septic tank is full?
How to tell your septic tank is full and needs emptying
- Pooling water.
- Slow drains.
- Odours.
- An overly healthy lawn.
- Sewer backup.
- Gurgling Pipes.
- Trouble Flushing.
How do I stop my septic tank from flooding?
As a preventive management step, you should keep stormwater runoff away from your system as much as possible. Water from roofs and driveways should be diverted away from the septic tank and drainfield area. Make sure your downspouts aren’t pointed directly at your drainfield.
How long does it take for a flooded septic tank to drain?
In a conventional system, the septic tank holds wastewater for 2-3 days as the anaerobic bacteria treat it.
Will a flooded septic tank fix itself?
Most septic tanks are not damaged by flooding since they are below ground and completely covered. However, septic tanks and pump chambers can fill with silt and debris, and must be professionally cleaned. If the soil absorption field is clogged with silt, a new system may have to be installed.
How do I calculate the size of my septic drain field?
Drainfield Size
- The size of the drainfield is based on the number of bedrooms and soil characteristics, and is given as square feet.
- For example, the minimum required for a three bedroom house with a mid range percolation rate of 25 minutes per inch is 750 square feet.
How do you calculate septic tank capacity?
Septic Tank Size Calculation based Per User Consumption
- Cooking – 5 Liters.
- Bathing & Toilet – 85 Liters/Person, So for 5 person – 425 liters/Day.
- Washing cloths & Utensils – 30 Liters.
- Cleaning House – 10 Liters.
- Other – 5 Litres.
What is the average size of a home septic tank?
Common residential septic tanks range in size from 750 gallons to 1,250 gallons. A septic tank is a self-contained unit designed to hold residential wastewater. The system is comprised of two main components: the tank and the drain, or soil absorption field.
Where does septic tank sludge go?
In reality, most of the faecal sludge collected from septic tanks is dumped into rivers, drains and sewers or emptied untreated into agricultural fields and low-lying areas.
What happens to poop after you flush it?
From the toilet, your poop flows through the city’s sewage system along with all the water that drains from our sinks, showers and streets. From there, it goes to a wastewater treatment plant.
What are the three 3 bacteria that separates by septic tank?
Septic tanks work by allowing waste to separate into three layers: solids, effluent and scum (see illustration above). The solids settle to the bottom, where microorganisms decompose them. The scum, composed of waste that’s lighter than water, floats on top.
Septic Tank Deterioration All About Gas
It may manifest itself as white crumbling concrete surrounding an outlet or as rusty streaks on the side of a tank, but it all boils down to the same problem that septic specialists have been dealing with for years: a failing septic tank (or septic system). The situation is now being investigated, and in the meanwhile, there are measures that any pumper may do in order to examine and remedy the issue. Leakage control is important. According to Dave Gustafson, an engineer at the Water Resource Center at the University of Minnesota Extension, there is a reason why there has been so much discussion about the issue in recent years.
The gas hydrogen sulfide is naturally created by anaerobic bacteria, which are microorganisms that do not require oxygen to decompose waste and may thrive in septic systems that do not have adequate aeration.
It is formed when hydrogen sulfide reacts with moisture present in the air within a tank and moisture present on the tank walls above the septage level, resulting in the formation of sulfuric acid.
A tiny amount of degradation surrounding the outlet may still be visible when the lid is removed for examination, depending on when the lid was removed for inspection.
- Gustafson believes that new laws requiring tanks not to leak septage were a contributing factor to the situation.
- Regarding the hydrogen sulfide problem, the rules are not very helpful since the improved tightness of concrete tanks means that hydrogen sulfide gas cannot leak out with septage as it did in previous years.
- The concrete tanks in one neighborhood were all manufactured by the same business, and all of the homes drank water from the same source, yet just one-third of the tanks exhibited signs of corrosion, according to Gustafson, who conducted the study.
- It is possible that the problem is more prevalent but has not been discovered since no one is actively looking for it, according to Gustafson.
- The organization has a comprehensive mechanism in place for members to report concerns.
- According to him, degradation is confined and infrequent.
- According to Gable, the facility is home to one of the greatest and most well-equipped concrete materials laboratories in the world.
- Nature brings in additional variables to the equation.
- The mix design for septic tanks will examine if any modifications or special suggestions should be made to the concrete used in the tanks.
Their mix was created with the goal of reducing the quantity of binder used while increasing the amount of dense packing of aggregate.) Other members of the team will examine the soil to see how permeable it is as well as its chemical makeup in order to determine what factors may be contributing to degradation.
- There’s also a bacteriologist working on the research, who will be looking at the mix of bacteria found in septage.
- These are merely the first few questions to ponder.
- According to Gable, “the scope of continues to increase as humans become more interested.” “The more we learn, the more we desire to attempt,” says the author.
- In the meanwhile, septic experts may take comfort in the work they accomplish on a daily basis while they await more certain answers and remedies.
- LET’S HAVE A CONVERSATION Do any of your customers have problems with tank deterioration?
What are the primary causes of the problem in your area? Have you been able to find a solution to the problem? Send me an email at [email protected] with your ideas, and I will answer as soon as possible.
Research Looks for Ways to Slow Septic Tank Deterioration
He is an emeritus professor at the University of Minnesota Department of Soil, Water, and Climate and the winner of the Ralph Macchio Lifetime Achievement Award, which recognizes outstanding contributions to the pumping industry. Jim may be reached at [email protected] with questions concerning septic system care and operation. As I said last month, advanced corrosion in concrete sewage tanks has been the subject of much controversy in the industry for quite some time now. This corrosion has long been linked to hydrogen sulfide gas, which has been recognized as the cause (H2S).
- Aside from that, minor amounts of the gas can be created by organic material in the piping leading to and from the storage tanks.
- Microbiologically-induced corrosion (MIC) is the process that causes corrosion in storage tanks.
- Answers to inquiries about why it happens and how to prevent it have mostly revolved around the fact that there is a lack of appropriate ventilation to allow gases to escape from within the tank’s boundaries.
- Tanks and pipes are often vented back into the home through the house sewer and out the roof stack in gravity-flow systems.
- According to certain studies and a large amount of service provider feedback, it appears that the H2S accumulations are not only caused by the gas created in the tank, but also by the gas that accumulates downstream from the tank outlet.
- It also contributes to the understanding of why the distribution boxes in some systems have advanced corrosion.
- The National Precast Concrete Association has conducted research on concrete mixtures, new additives, and sealers, among other things.
The National Precast Concrete Association is conducting study on this problem, as I noted in last month’s column.
The first featured corrosion in a pump tank, which occurred both at the entrance and at the point where the pressure line exited the tank.
For me, this was intriguing since I had previously believed that all pump tanks or chambers should be equipped with baffles on the intake side, with the explicit objective of reducing or eliminating turbulence in the tank.
An input baffle was more likely to be required in the case where the pump station was located in the second chamber of a storage tank.
I would recommend everyone to double-check their codes and specifications to ensure that an inlet baffle is stated.
The concentrations of H2S in this location were around 100 parts per million (ppm).
The weep hole should be located in a location where it will not spray the tank’s side and at a location where turbulence may be reduced.
The H2S values that were measured were 700 ppm or higher.
This shows that the gas was re-entering the atmosphere from the drainfield area.
As I previously stated, as our systems have gotten more complex, it has become necessary to include extra venting in order to avoid the possibility of H2S gas accumulations, which may result in corrosion of the system components.
I’m confident that we haven’t heard the last of this subject, but it appears like we may have a few more answers than we have in previous years.
Tank Deterioration a Hot Topic
He is an emeritus professor at the University of Minnesota Department of Soil, Water, and Climate and the winner of the Ralph Macchio Lifetime Achievement Award, which honors those who have made significant contributions to their fields. He is also the author of many books. Send Jim an email if you have any questions concerning septic system maintenance or operation at [email protected]. – The discussion over advanced corrosion in concrete sewage tanks has been going on for a long time, as I indicated last month, and it has been going on for a while.
- During the breakdown of organic matter in anaerobic septic system sewage tanks, carbon dioxide is produced.
- The National Precast Concrete Association has been investigating this issue for numerous years and continues to support and undertake research to find a solution.
- As a result of H2S’s somewhat acidic nature, there are three steps to this process: first, the pH of the concrete is decreased; second, microorganisms can adhere to the concrete; and third, sulfuric acid is produced, causing rapid corrosion.
- As a result, the problem will be resolved if the tank’s venting is improved.
- CORROSION RESISTANCE TECHNIQUES Due to the fact that the exit of the septic tank is the lowest point in the tank air space, any stoppage in this free flow of air back via the vent causes H2S to accumulate there.
- Considering that gas can be created in the pipeline, this is compatible with the facts.
- Another low point in the system — in this example, much smaller than a tank — may have a significantly greater concentration of H2S, resulting in fast loss of the system’s integrity.
- The use of higher-quality concrete and these sealants can assist to postpone the start of corrosion and should be a regular element of septic tank construction, but they are not a panacea.
- A colleague of mine offered a handful of instances of the research the organization is conducting.
- A small waterfall effect is created on the inflow side of the tank as wastewater is discharged from the septic tank, creating turbulence in the tank and the production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as a result.
- While reading through pump tank literature and installation manuals, I discovered that the requirement for baffles at the entrance was frequently overlooked as a component of the installation process.
It was discovered that the levels of measured H2S had dropped from 100 parts per million to less than ten when an elbow and pipe reaching to near the bottom of the pump tank were fitted I would recommend everyone to double-check their codes and standards to ensure that an inlet baffle is required.
- There were around 100 parts per million of H2S in this location.
- Weep holes should be put in a location where they will not splash the tank’s side and in a location that will lessen turbulence, if possible.
- H2S concentrations were measured to be 700 parts per million or higher.
- There was gas flowing back from the drainfield region, as shown by this.
- Previously, I hypothesized that, as our systems have grown more complex, it has become essential to incorporate more venting in order to limit the possibility of H2S gas accumulations that may cause corrosion.
- As a result of the new research commissioned by the National Precast Concrete Association, alternative venting designs will be investigated in order to address or lessen the difficulties caused by microbially induced corrosion.
Certainly, we haven’t heard the last of this problem, but it appears that we may have a few more answers than we had in the past on this subject.
ACID WOES
Anaerobic bacteria produce hydrogen sulfide, which is a gas that can be harmful to humans. It has a minor weight advantage over air. Sulfuric acid is created when hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas reacts with water vapor to form a weak solution of sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Sulfuric acid is responsible for the breakdown of concrete that has not been adequately prepared and is hence sulfate-resistant. Septic tanks built of concrete that have been adequately cured are a good product for use as part of onsite sewage treatment systems, in my opinion.
- These observations were made by onsite sewage treatment personnel and were forwarded to me.
- of Illinois, from whom I first learned about drop box distribution many years ago, he has been active in the onsite company for about two decades now.
- He currently replaces 10 to 12 septic tanks every year, which were manufactured in the 1980s, 1990s, and also throughout the latter decade of the twentieth century.
- His observations are that lift stations appear to be the worst, which he attributes to the fact that there is more air space in a lift station than in a septic tank.
REPLICATE EARLY CONCRETE MIX
I have a feeling that a variety of elements are at play here. First and foremost, if septic tanks manufactured in the 1960s and 1970s remain in good condition, the concrete industry should take measures to replicate the septic tank production technique that was in use at the time. Similar complaints have been made to me in regards to some of the current techniques in the production of concrete septic tanks. An updated version of the National Precast Concrete Association’s Precast Concrete On-Site Wastewater Tanks best practices document has been published.
Unfortunately, the manual’s pictures do not depict correct submergence of the inlet and exit baffles, nor does it depict an adequate volume of water in the tank for scum storage.
The website for the organization is When I went to their website, I couldn’t discover any information on the best practices guidebook, or even if one was accessible.
For correspondence, the association’s mailing address is 10333 North Meridian St. Suite 272, Indianapolis, Ind. 46290. The phone number is (800) 366-7731 (toll-free). It is my recommendation that septic tank manufacturers who are experiencing tank degradation issues contact this group.
RESEARCH IN ARIZONA
A second report on septic tank degradation came from Dawn Long of Arizona, who has examined and photographed several sewage tanks throughout the course of her career. Because she and her husband, Don, are co-owners of American Septic Service in her community, she has noticed significant degradation of the concrete in septic tanks in her neighborhood. She blames some of the degradation to a lack of maintenance, as well as the failure to get the tank cleaned on a regular basis or as needed due to scum or sludge accumulation.
- The intake chamber, she acknowledges, is the primary site of bacterial activity, but she believes that the hydrogen sulfide gas concentration in the outflow chamber must be far higher than in the entrance chamber.
- “However, it does not apply to the older tanks, where the scum is just as thick at the back as it is in the front,” she adds.
- There should be minimal scum collecting in the second compartment if the tank has been compartmented and baffled properly, as described above.
- Next month’s Answer Man column will feature information from another onsite specialist who has witnessed septic tank degeneration and will discuss the likely causes of the deterioration.
- Keep an eye out for more information.
NMSU: Septic Tank Maintenance
M-113 is a reference manual. Stephanie J. Walker made revisions to the original version. New Mexico State University’s College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences is located in Las Cruces, New Mexico. Author: Extension Vegetable Specialist/Assistant Professor at New Mexico State University’s Department of Extension Plant Sciences. (PDF that is easy to print)
Introduction
A septic tank is a sewage collection system that is located underground (Figure 1). A waterproof container composed of a sound, durable material that is resistant to corrosion and deterioration, the tank itself is a watertight container. The most popular form of septic tank is made of concrete. These should be made of high-quality concrete in order to prevent the possibility of early cracking or degradation of the septic tank during the construction process. It is necessary to cover the inside walls of concrete septic tanks with a durable and waterproof compound, such as coal tar epoxy, in order to maintain the tank’s structural integrity.
- Poly septic tanks are simple to install, despite the fact that they are slightly more expensive to acquire.
- In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of reports of concrete septic tanks deteriorating prematurely.
- These corrosive gases have been linked to a number of factors, including the fermentation of food waste from garbage disposals, contemporary cleaning chemicals, particularly those used to remove hard water lime deposits, and the flushing of some pharmaceuticals into the system.
- It is possible that a polyseptic tank would be desirable in situations where corrosion would be a problem.
- The number of bedrooms or fixture units (toilets, sinks, showers/tubs, etc.) to be served should be taken into consideration while making your pick.
The New Mexico Plumbing Code specifies the minimum size of a septic tank (Table 1). An underground sewage tank being buried in the yard is seen in Figure 1. A polyethylene septic tank is seen in Figure 2.
| Table 1. New Mexico Plumbing Code Required Septic Tank Sizes | |
| Single-family dwelling size | Minimum septic tank size (gallons) |
| 0–2 bedrooms | 750 |
| 3 bedrooms | 1,000 |
| 4 bedrooms | 1,200 |
| 5–6 bedrooms | 1,500 |
How Does a Septic Tank Work?
As the septic system is operated, sediments (also known as sludge) collect in the tank, causing it to overflow. By holding wastewater in the tank for at least 24 hours, the septic tank is able to remove particles by allowing the sediments to settle on the bottom and scum to rise to the surface. Several baffles are installed within the tank to achieve this task. Over time, the solids kept in the tank will degrade to a degree that might reach 50%. The treated effluent water is discharged from the tank through perforated drainpipes into the environment.
Water seeps out of underground drainpipes and percolates into the earth, eventually reaching groundwater levels.
Septic Tank Maintenance
Sludge accumulates in the septic tank as a result of use of the system. Solids are deposited in the tank in the form of waste. By holding wastewater in the tank for at least 24 hours, the septic tank is able to remove solids by allowing the solids to settle on the bottom and scum to rise to the top. Several baffles are installed inside the tank to accomplish this. Over time, the solids retained in the tank will decompose to a degree that can reach 50 percent. A perforated drainpipe collects treated effluent water that is discharged from the tank.
The effluent leaves the buried drainpipes and percolates through the subsoil, eventually reaching groundwater.
How Often Should You Pump?
Pumping frequency is determined by the following factors:
- Septic tank capacity
- Volume of wastewater flowing through it
- The amount of solids present in wastewater
The volume of wastewater produced by ordinary home activities such as flushing toilets, bathing, and washing dishes is governed by the nature and frequency of these activities. Water conservation methods in the house will assist in reducing the amount of water that enters the system. The use of an in-sink trash disposal will result in an increase in the amount of solids produced. It is important to consider the type and amount of solids disposed of by a garbage disposal before using one. Continuous running water from a toilet or a leaking faucet, or emptying of a whirlpool tub, can stir up the sediments in a septic tank, increasing the likelihood of sludge leakage into the absorption field and, ultimately, failure of the absorption field.
Please keep in mind that septic tank additives, both biological and chemical, are not required and do not reduce the necessity for regular pumping.
| Table 2. Estimated Septic Tank Pumping Frequencies (in years) for Year-round occupancy | |||||
| Tank size(gallons) | Household size (number of people) | ||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
| 750 | 9 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| 1,000 | 12 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 2 |
| 1,250 | 16 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 3 |
| 1,500 | 19 | 9 | 6 | 4 | 3 |
| 1,750 | 22 | 11 | 7 | 5 | 4 |
| Note: More frequent pumping needed if garbagedisposal is used. |
Safe Use of Septic Systems
Motor oil, gasoline, paint, thinner and pesticide should not be flushed down the toilet or down the sink drain. These compounds have the potential to contaminate groundwater and to be poisonous to the microorganisms that keep a septic system operating properly. However, keep in mind that when there is a large density of septic systems, there may be a cumulative influence on groundwater from the use of home cleaners, disinfectants, detergents or bleaches, even when used in moderation. It is possible that the usage of continuous toilet deodorizers, which are placed in the toilet bowl, would kill beneficial bacteria that are necessary for the breakdown of waste in the septic tank.
Your septic system will become clogged by objects such as fats and grease, coffee grounds, paper towels, sanitary napkins, disposable diapers, cigarettes, flushable cat litter, and other items of a similar kind.
Protect the Absorption Field
The absorption field must be preserved in order to avoid the soil from being compacted, which might hinder the drainpipes from operating properly. Automobiles and heavy equipment should be kept away from the absorption field. Over the absorption field, grass cover and shallow-rooted plants can be useful, but deep roots of trees and shrubs can be stressful to the soil and can cause drain lines to get clogged. Flood irrigation above the absorption field may also cause drain pipes to get clogged with sediment.
It is important to mow the grass on the surface of an absorption field on a regular basis in order to enhance evaporation and water removal from the soil through the leaves.
Conserve Water
When adding new appliances or plumbing, keep in mind that the capacity of your septic system must be taken into consideration. Reduce the amount of water that enters the tank. Make use of water-conserving fixtures. Toilet float valves, leaks, and leaky faucets should all be repaired.
Avoid Septic Tank Additives
Yeasts, bacteria, enzymes, and chemicals are offered with the idea that they will improve the performance of septic systems; however, there is no scientific proof that these additions are helpful. Some cleaners, in fact, enable the sediments in an overcrowded tank to be re-suspended, causing the drainage lines to get clogged. Supplements are not a substitute for adequate maintenance and do not negate the necessity for regular pumping of a septic tank. Commercial biological additives are not required for resuming decomposition after pumping since the sludge residue contains active microorganisms that may be used to restart decomposition.
How to Recognize Problems
Become familiar with the symptoms of septic system disorders. For example, extremely lush and green grass over your drain field may suggest that there is a problem with the drainage system. Pay close attention to any slow-draining toilets or drains, sewage aromas, or sewage backing up into the home or over the drain field, among other things. Septic Tank Maintenance Checklist for Effective Performance
- Check your system for leaks and sludge at least once a year. A qualified pumping contractor should be hired to pump the contents of your septic tank. Water conservation should be practiced. Fix dripping faucets and leaking toilets. Distribute clothes washing over the course of the week and only use washing machines when they are completely loaded with laundry
- Find out where the components of your septic system are located. Create a map and keep it close at hand
- Maintain a record of your upkeep
R. Craig Runyan, Extension WaterQuality Specialist, is the original author of this article.
For Further Reading
Extension WaterQuality Specialist R. Craig Runyan is the original author.
Septic Tank Deterioration – Grenco Septic Systems and Excavation Services
I’m quite sure in stating that no one wants to spend more money on a new septic system than they absolutely have to. So why would you put in a new tank if you already have one in place? While delaying tank replacement may appear to be the most cost-effective option, spending the extra time and money to install a new tank may be the most cost-effective option in the long term. Here are a few of the reasons why I believe it is money well invested:
- During the course of a year or two, the gases produced by a septic tank damage the concrete roof of the tank. This results in a thinner concrete ceiling and the structural wire is exposed as a result. As a result, the structure is weakened, which can lead to fissures and, ultimately, collapse.
Concrete baffles were used in the earlier tanks to absorb the energy released by black water entering the tank and to prevent sediments from being carried over to the leach field.
2. In the same way that the roof is exposed to degrading gases, these baffles are as well. The baffles on the majority of the older tanks that we inspect have come loose. Solids can be carried over to the leachfield as a result of failed baffles, decreasing the lifespan of the leachfield.
- Previously, the tanks were only a single compartment. The new tanks are divided into two sections. The initial section of the tank accounts for two-thirds of its total volume and is where the black water enters the tank. Solids remain on this side of the tank, while the “clear” layer is carried across to the second compartment of the tank. Before it reaches the leach field, the effluent will lose a little amount of total suspended particles in this area.
The new tanks that we install are completely watertight. Thus, before treatment, the black water is prevented from accessing the water table. Furthermore, it keeps groundwater from entering the tank and overloading the leach field. Tanks don’t endure indefinitely. Even if you don’t replace the tank right away, you will have to do it later. When we are on site erecting the leach field, it will be far more cost effective to complete the task at the same time. Changing the tank at that point will be considerably simpler because we will have all of our equipment ready to do the task.
We would be pleased to assist you in making the best decision for your case.
Understand the Causes of Concrete Tank Corrosion
The white fiber reinforcements in a failing septic tank are beginning to peek through. After reading previous comments on excessive corrosion around outlet baffles on concrete septic tanks, I decided to speak with one of the septic professionals who remarked that he was also finding excessive corrosion around the outlet baffles but also in the distribution box. An effluent screen was installed at the output of the system. The degeneration of distribution boxes, as well as deterioration at the outlet end of septic tanks, has been reported to me by a lot of people all throughout the nation (mainly from Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona up until now).
The other significant potential associated with concrete distribution or drop boxes is that the quality of the concrete pour does not fulfill the standards for sulfur resistance, which is a significant risk.
It is possible for tanks or distribution boxes to get corroded in two different ways.
Other views and thoughts about the reasons of corrosion have been voiced by experienced service providers, including:
- Construction of the tank
- Incorrect mix and additives in the concrete
- Poor concrete mix at the factory
- Water softeners releasing their waste into the tank
- Water from a contaminated well
If none of these appear to be the root cause of the corrosion problem you are experiencing, conduct more research about the level of corrosion and types of problems occurring in your area. Look into if the tank is located in a region where sulfates are abundant in the soil and water. You must make certain that the items in issue fulfill sulfur resistance criteria if this is the case. Conduct well water testing to evaluate sulfate levels, and confer with local soil specialists to establish the current state of the soil’s health.
Water treatment equipment might also be considered as a component of the solution by the homeowner.
Jim Anderson is associated with the University of Minnesota’s onsite wastewater treatment education program.
He is also an emeritus professor in the university’s Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, as well as the education coordinator for the National Association of Wastewater Technicians (NAWT).
Septic System Frequently Asked Questions
A septic system, sometimes known as a septic tank, is an underground system that processes the sewage that flows from your house before disposing of the treated, cleaner water. Septic systems are typically seen in residential areas. The treated water is subsequently re-introduced into the environment through filtration. This is critical because untreated sewage may harm nearby streams and water systems, as well as the soil around the perimeter of your septic system. Because your septic system is designed to cleanse and filter sewage, it is critical that it is in proper operating order.
What is a Drainfield?
The drainfield, also known as the leach field, is the area where the water from your septic system is sent after it has been cleansed and filtered. It is necessary to construct a drainfield in order to ensure that water is distributed uniformly back into the soil.
How do I find my septic system?
Once the water from your septic system has been cleaned and filtered out, it is sent to the drainfield or leach field. It is necessary to construct a drainfield in order to ensure that water is distributed uniformly back into the soil.
How long do septic systems last?
Septic systems are not designed to endure for a specific number of years, thus there is no defined time frame. In the event of adequate maintenance, you may expect your septic system to last several decades before it has to be replaced; but, if your system fails or deteriorates as a result of bad care, its lifespan will be drastically diminished. In order to obtain an accurate estimate of how much longer the life of your septic system may be extended, you must first have it checked thoroughly by an experienced septic system installation or repairer.
What’s the advantage of installing a newer septic system rather than an older system?
Although it is not required to install a new system, there are advantages to having a modern septic tank rather than an older one. For starters, when you get a new septic tank, you can be confident that it will serve you for decades if it is properly maintained, and you will not have to worry about it being “too old.” Additionally, newer systems have been modified to reduce the likelihood of your system becoming clogged, and if something does go wrong with a new system or when it comes time to have your septic system pumped, a new system will likely be easier to locate because they are frequently constructed with ground-level lids.
New septic systems also provide a further treatment for your waste water, allowing it to be cleaner before it is released into the surrounding environment.
How much does a new septic system cost?
Installation of new septic systems may be a significant financial commitment, with costs typically reaching tens of thousands of dollars. Whenever you have to replace an outdated septic system, you should look into financing alternatives that will make it simpler for you to pay for a new septic system in the long run.
Purchase further information from a septic system installation business on how to obtain septic systems at the most competitive prices while also taking advantage of low-interest financing options.
How big is my septic tank?
Septic tank capacity is determined by the amount of water consumed in your property as well as local codes and requirements. Check with your local health agency to find out how big your tank is before installing it.
Why should my septic system be pumped out?
Without regular pumping, the gases emitted by human waste accumulate in your septic system, increasing the risk of septic tank damage and the need for more frequent pumping. The regular pumping of your septic system will allow you to limit the rate at which your tank deteriorates and save money in the process. It’s crucial to remember, though, that degeneration is unavoidable in the long run. It is only via regular maintenance, such as pumping your tank, that your septic system will survive longer.
Does my tank need to be dug up to know if it needs to be pumped?
Risers are commonly found in newer septic systems, which allow you to access your tank from the ground level through a lid. It is straightforward for any septic system professional to determine whether or not your yard has risers placed, and whether or not it is necessary to pump it. If, on the other hand, your tank cannot be accessible from the ground level, it will need to be dug up in order to determine whether it has to be drained. Instead of inspecting your septic system to see whether it needs to be pumped on a regular basis, set a timetable for having your system pumped every 2-3 years.
Why should I have risers and lids installed on my septic system?
As a result, when it comes time to find, pump, or repair your septic system, risers are the best choice since they provide ground-level access to your system. Having a septic system lid will allow you to mow your grass while still being able to find your system with no difficulty. Lids and risers also have the advantage of being accessible all year round, as opposed to earlier septic systems that could only be accessed by digging a trench through your yard. If your septic system has to be pumped or repaired for any reason during the winter months, getting beneath layers of frozen earth can be difficult, if not impossible, and you may be forced to wait until the spring to have access to your tank again.
How often should my septic system be pumped out?
A typical septic system contains a 1,500-gallon tank, which needs to be pumped around every 2-3 years for a household of four, according to industry standards. If you have less than four people living in your house, you will most likely be able to pump your septic system every five years rather than every three. You should speak with your local health agency to determine the exact size of your tank, and you should consult a septic system business to determine how frequently your tank should be pumped based on the size of your family and the size of your septic tank.
Do I need to have the septic tank pumped if I’m selling my house?
Consult with your local health department to learn about the restrictions that apply to your region of residence. Generally speaking, as long as your septic system has been pumped on a regular basis by a licensed septic system company and recently enough for the new homeowners to be able to live there for a year or two without having to pump the septic system, you should not be required to have it pumped again in the near future.
How do I find someone to pump my septic system?
It is important to be aware that not all septic system businesses are licensed and that not all firms properly dispose of or recycle the waste they pump from your septic system when you are looking for one to pump it. Finding a firm that complies with EPA standards should be your first concern, and then you should look at price, how pricing is split down, and which company is delivering the most honest, economical, and dependable service should be your next consideration. Investigate business evaluations, and when you select a septic system provider to pump your septic tank, be certain that they do the work properly, leaving enough water and waste to keep the sewage decomposing while leaving no visible trace more than a few inches of waste behind.
How much does it cost to have my septic system pumped?
It is recommended that you call many pumpers before making a selection, and that you ask as many questions as possible to ensure that you are receiving the best service for your money. Pumping may cost upwards of $200, so it is always wise to shop around before making a decision. You should not consider it a waste of money to have your septic system pumped when the time comes. By correctly maintaining your septic system, you may avoid spending tens of thousands of dollars to replace your septic system long before it should have been replaced in the first place.
What happens if I don’t have my septic system pumped?
The sediments will pile up in your septic tank if you don’t pump it out regularly, ultimately overflowing into the drain field and clogging the drain field. Backups can occur, causing damage to your property and even necessitating the replacement of your drain field, which can be a very expensive error.
I just had my septic system pumped. Why is it full already?
Septic systems are designed to refill rapidly since the purpose of pumping is not to remove water but rather to remove non-biodegradable waste, and the water itself is not the aim of pumping. Once your septic system has been pumped and you begin to use the water in your house, your tank will quickly refill in order to maintain good operation of the system. If the water level rises to a point where it is above the outlet line, contact your septic system service provider for assistance immediately.
What do you look for when inspecting my septic system?
When we do an inspection, we make certain that your septic system is in good operating condition and that it satisfies the standards for receiving a Certificate of Compliance. If you’re planning to sell your home, you should have your septic system checked out by a professional who is certified by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. This will allow you to sell your home faster and for more money, if you can prove that your system has been checked out by an accredited professional. The level of liquid in your septic tank will be checked, and we’ll make sure there is no surface-level discharge.
We’ll also note whether the level of solid waste in your septic tank indicates that it should be pumped, and whether any repairs are required to improve the overall functionality of the system.
The drains in my home aren’t draining as quickly as they normally do. Does this have to do with my septic system?
Drains that are clogged and that empty slowly are not necessarily a big source of concern. Before presuming that there is an issue with your septic system, check sure that there isn’t anything obstructing your drain first. In the case of one plumbing fixture in your house that is draining slowly, it is likely due to clogging; however, if all of the drains in your home are slow or leave waste backed up, it is probable that your septic system requires inspection and may even require pumping.
What happens when my septic system fails?
Symptoms of a failing septic system may include minor issues such as drain breaks or pipes that have been stopped, which can be caused by tree roots intersecting with the system. Septic system failure, on the other hand, might indicate that your septic tank has degraded to the point that it cannot be repaired and must be replaced. A blocked drainfield will hopefully not become your problem because it is the most expensive component of your system to replace; nevertheless, if it does, you must act quickly to make the necessary repairs or else your waste will continue to back up, perhaps causing damage to your property.
You’ll need to replace the drainfield as soon as possible to avoid further pollution of drinking water sources.
How do I prevent my septic system from failing? How can I properly maintain my septic system?
Your septic system should degrade at a normal rate over the course of several decades if you maintain it on a regular basis. Maintenance normally consists of getting your septic system pumped on a regular basis and making certain that you do not flush or wash anything down the drain that might block your septic system.
What shouldn’t I flush down the toilet?
Your septic system should degrade at a normal rate over the course of several decades if you do regular maintenance. In most cases, maintenance consists of having your septic system pump out on a regular basis and making sure you don’t flush or wash anything down the drain that might block your septic system.
What shouldn’t I pour down the drain?
Grease from the kitchen, motor oil, anti-freeze, gasoline, paint, and food should not be flushed down the toilet or drain. You should avoid flushing anything down your drain other than soap and water, and you should especially avoid flushing any form of chemical down your drain that should not be recycled back into the environment, such as fertilizer.
Is using a garbage disposal bad for my septic system?
Using a trash disposal will result in the requirement to pump your septic system more frequently than you would otherwise need to do if you avoided flushing food particles down your drains. Too much food collection in your tank might cause your drainfield to clog since the microorganisms in your tank are not capable to digesting it. When using a trash disposal, check with your septic system company to find out how frequently the disposal should be serviced.
Should I add bacteria to my septic system?
Aside from being completely useless, introducing bacteria to your septic tank is also highly discouraged. The bacteria produced by human waste is sufficient to break down the solid sewage in your tank without the need of bacteria supplements or other methods. If, on the other hand, multiple members of your home are using pharmaceuticals, they will enter your septic system through human waste and kill some of the beneficial bacteria in your tank, causing it to malfunction.
Please contact the firm who installed your septic system to see whether or not you should be worried about the amount of bacteria-killing compounds entering the system.
There’s a strong sewer odor outside of my house. Could this be my septic tank?
Strong sewage stench coming from your yard might be coming from your septic system, but it could also be coming from someplace else completely. Identifying the source of the smell is important. Check for propane or gas leaks in your home before concluding that your septic system is at fault; however, if your gas or propane lines are not leaking, determine how long it has been since you had your tank pumped, and whether there is any sewage waste in your yard or other signs of septic system failure before making your final decision.
Can my septic system contaminate nearby water?
Strong sewage stench coming from your yard might be coming from your septic system, but it could also be coming from something else completely. If you smell sewage, call 911 immediately. Consider whether you have any propane or natural gas leaks in your home before concluding that your septic system is at fault. If your gas or propane lines are not leaking, consider how long it has been since you had your tank pumped, as well as whether there is any sewage waste in your yard or other signs of septic system failure.
My gutters’ downspouts drain into my yard above my septic system. Is this a bad thing?
The drainage of your gutters into your yard above your septic system, and particularly into your drainfield, can be hazardous to your septic system. All water should be diverted away from your septic system in order to minimize flooding and damage to your septic system’s tank or drain field.
Hydrogen Sulfide in Your Septic Tank
The relationship between hydrogen sulfide and septic systems appears to be a riddle. Some sections of the country are suffering from significant hydrogen sulfide damage, whereas other areas are not seeing any problems at all. Let’s start with getting a better knowledge of the concerns around hydrogen sulfide and septic tanks:.
- The gas hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is produced as a byproduct of the anaerobic digestion that takes place in a typical septic tank. During the breakdown of organic material in the septic tank, the naturally existing thiobacillus bacteria expel the gas
- This is a good thing. Tanks, distribution boxes, and lateral lines all have gas accumulation in the headspace above the water line, which causes the gas to build up. Sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) is formed when hydrogen sulfide gas reacts with water vapor and low quantities of oxygen to generate sulfuric acid.
The sulfuric acid damages the concrete that was used in the construction of the tank, distribution box, and septic tank riser. In certain cases, substantial degradation of the concrete might occur within a few years, depending on the conditions. Chemicals such as hydrogen sulfide gas and acid have no effect on the plastic septic tank risers. Concrete is spalling as a result of sulfuric acid, revealing the steel mesh. Spalling of the concrete surface, white formations of ettringite (calcium sulfoaluminate) on the surface of the concrete immediately above the water line, and the exposure of rebar and reinforcing steel that was previously contained in the concrete are all signs of degradation in the structure.
- According to our observations, water sources with high iron and sulfur concentration are the most likely to undergo hydrogen sulfide formation.
- When your tank does not show indicators of degeneration, on the other hand, we cannot assume that the d-box is not being impacted.
- The effects of sulfuric acid corrosion on a concrete septic tank riser are investigated.
- Tanks that are in issue about their structural integrity should be examined by a qualified specialist.
- It is possible to prevent future deterioration by eradicating the bacteria that is at the base of the issue.
- Bacteria belonging to the genus Thiobacillus may thrive in an anaerobic environment (lacking oxygen).
- If you want to properly convert a tank environment to an aerobic habitat, you must have oxygen-rich water in both the tank and the head space above the water.
- All degeneration will be stopped as soon as possible.
You should evaluate your tank for degradation as soon as possible, especially if you have a high iron content and a strong sulfur (rotten egg) stench.
How does a septic system fail?
There are a variety of reasons why a septic system or component may fail. Here are a few of the most prevalent reasons of system failure, as well as some basic steps you can take to avoid your system collapsing prematurely: A septic system would be incomplete without the presence of an outlet tie. This basic PVC tee is perhaps the most important component of a septic system since it protects the largest and most expensive component of the system. In the Soil Treatment Area, an outlet tee is used to prevent organic debris (scum layer) from entering the septic tank from the top (STA or leach field).
It is possible that you will have a Baffle in your concrete tank, which is just a concrete wall that prevents the outflow pipe from being clogged with organic debris.
Simply inspect your Outlet Tee or Baffle once a year to ensure that scum is not being allowed to enter the outlet pipe.
Septic systems for three- to five-bedroom homes are typically built to handle between 350 and 675 gallons of wastewater per day.
Your STA may fail early if the problem is not resolved within a few days or weeks if the problem is not handled immediately.
As a result, it is critical to cultivate the appropriate type of plants surrounding your irrigation system.
They have the potential to block the lines that travel from your house to your tank or from your tank to the STA, causing the septage to back up into your residence.
You may want to explore getting rid of the plant(s) that are creating the problems, or you may want to try using root killer along your septic lines and around your tank if you do have a root problem.
Compaction over a STA consists of: The first time you drive over a STA, approximately 70% of the compaction occurs.
Both absorption and evapotranspiration are achieved by STAs, which are built such that effluent water absorbs into the ground as well as evapotranspires into the atmosphere.
It is not permissible to drive or park automobiles or large things on top of a STA.
Irrigation: An STA is created depending on the number of legal bedrooms in the residence as well as the soil makeup of the property.
Irrigation that is run over the STA results in the STA being burdened with more water that it was not built to manage.
Water appearing on top of the ground or backing up into the home are classic indicators of this.
In addition, the presence of hydrogen sulfide or methane gas in a septic tank can lead to the degradation of the concrete surface.
If you’re on the market for a new tank, consider polyethylene!
The lines may settle over time or as a result of faulty backfilling, which is referred to as “settling.” Settling in the lines can result in a belly in the pipe, where water and particles congregate and obstruct the correct flow of the water system.
It is possible to find out how bad the problem is and if it requires cleaning or replacement by having a camera scope installed if you are experiencing slow drainage or suspect a line problem.
Every year, you should have your pump inspected to ensure that it is in proper working order.
The majority of the time, all that is required is a simple adjustment or replacement of the float switches that regulate the on and off operations of the pump.
Water Softener: A water softener, like irrigation and dripping faucets, can cause a septic system to become overloaded by discharging more water than it was designed to manage.
At this time, having a water softener flow into your septic system is prohibited in the state of Colorado.
This is a suitable option.
These filters are incredibly effective for safeguarding your STA, but if they are left unattended for an extended period of time, they might clog the effluent filter.
Maintaining your effluent filter at a minimum of once every 12 months is recommended.
Our experienced office staff and field specialists can assist you in getting to the bottom of the problem! Thank you for taking the time to read this. Permitting Specialist, Summer Todd-Rhoads, Installation Manager
