What Are The Different Types Of Septic Tank Lines? (TOP 5 Tips)

Types of Septic Systems

• Septic Tank.
• Conventional System.
• Chamber System.
• Drip Distribution System.
• Aerobic Treatment Unit.
• Mound Systems.
• Recirculating Sand Filter System.
• Evapotranspiration System.

•

• Basically, there are two septic tank system types: conventional and alternative. The location and soil conditions of the home or business property will generally determine the type of septic tank system that is required for installation.

What type of pipe is used for septic systems?

Corrugated pipe is typically used for drain fields. Septic systems use drain fields to treat the septic tank effluent for the removal of impurities and contaminants. The field is made up of trenches typically containing washed “drainrock” or gravel.

What are septic lines called?

Leach lines go by many names: leach field, leach bed, filter bed, or percolation bed. Leach lines disperse septic effluent into the ground after passing through the septic tank. To broadcast the effluent over the widest possible area, leach pipes fan out across an open area, usually a backyard.

What are lateral lines septic system?

Septic tank lateral lines are also known as percolation pipes. These are the perforated pipes that extend from the outlet of the septic tank below ground into the soil. The purpose of these lateral lines is to provide a network of pipes that the effluent from the septic tank runs through.

What are the different types of drain fields?

Three Types of Drain Fields and How They Work

• Dry well systems.
• Mound-type drain fields.
• Chamber-type systems.

Which pipe is best for septic tank?

Laying Out a Septic-Tank Disposal System. The septic tank should be positioned at least 50 feet from the house proper. ABS or PVC plastic or cast iron pipe can be used to connect the tank to the house drainage system.

What size pipe connects to septic tank?

Four-inch pipe is standard, and it should extend far enough under the house to connect with the main soil stack, which is a 3-inch pipe that extends vertically past the main bathroom and through the roof.

What are the 3 types of septic systems?

Types of Septic Systems

• Septic Tank.
• Conventional System.
• Chamber System.
• Drip Distribution System.
• Aerobic Treatment Unit.
• Mound Systems.
• Recirculating Sand Filter System.
• Evapotranspiration System.

How deep are septic lateral lines?

A typical drainfield trench is 18 to 30 inches in depth, with a maximum soil cover over the disposal field of 36 inches.

How deep should leach lines be?

A standard leach line is considered to be three (3) feet wide and three (3) feet deep with a length as required.

What does lateral lines look like?

Lateral lines are usually visible as faint lines of pores running lengthwise down each side, from the vicinity of the gill covers to the base of the tail. Most amphibian larvae and some fully aquatic adult amphibians possess mechanosensitive systems comparable to the lateral line.

How do I know where my lateral lines are?

Call your local electric utility provider or gas company to locate buried gas or utility lines before digging. A septic tank probe can also help you find the location. Stick the long, thin metal probe into the ground until you feel it hit the tank and feel the edges of the tank.

Who works on lateral lines?

Most licensed plumbers can provide services to clear a lateral. If there is an issue with your sewer line and a licensed plumber or contractor determines the problem is caused by the City’s portion of the line, then you should immediately contact the 3-1-1 Call Center at (951) 826-5311.

What is the difference between a drain field and a leach field?

Septic drain fields (also called leach fields or soil absorption areas) are one part of a household septic system. Drain fields are areas of land, specifically designed to help filter and remove contaminants from wastewater.

Can you have a septic tank without a leach field?

The waste from most septic tanks flows to a soakaway system or a drainage field. If your septic tank doesn’t have a drainage field or soakaway system, the waste water will instead flow through a sealed pipe and empty straight into a ditch or a local water course.

What is an engineered septic system?

What is an engineered septic system? An engineered septic system is often used in cases where a conventional septic system cannot be installed. The basic three limiting factors on the placement of the septic system are the ground water table, bedrock, and local health ordinances.

5 Types of Septic Tanks

To view the infographic, please click on the banner picture. Submitted by: First Supply Modern plumbing contributes significantly to the improvement of our quality of life and the prevention of the spread of disease. Systematic delivery of safe drinking water as well as the removal of sewage and wastewater are provided by plumbing. When it comes to draining wastewater from residential and commercial buildings, there are two options. Structures will be connected to municipal sewer lines or will be equipped with a septic system.

Compared to rural homes, sewer lines are more widespread in urban areas, and septic tanks are more common outside of city borders on rural properties.

Parts of a Septic System

When it comes to making a septic system operate, there are two key components to consider: a septic tank and a drainfield. A septic tank is a waterproof box with inlet and exit pipes that is used to treat sewage. Wastewater is channeled into a septic tank, where it is allowed to sit for long enough for sediments and liquids to separate into three distinct levels. The top layer is generated when materials that are lighter than water (such as oil and grease) float to the surface and deposit a layer of scum on the surface.

Sludge forms on the bottom of the tank when particles that are heavier than water sink to the bottom of the tank and combine to form a layer.

All of the solids in the tank that can’t be broken down any further remain in the tank until it is pumped out, lowering the amount of space available in the tank as a result.

Upon leaving the tank, this liquid is transported to a drainfield (also known as a soil absorption field), where it is filtered via gravel and dirt.

Septic System Advantages

Septic systems may be preferred for a variety of reasons by certain people. Given the fact that septic systems process and dispose of residential waste water on-site, they are a more cost-effective choice in rural locations where properties are often bigger and residences are more widely spaced apart. Because septic systems do not necessitate the construction of miles of sewage lines, they are less expensive to build than conventional systems. Septic systems, on the other hand, need regular maintenance and a dedication to their optimal operation.

People should assess whether they would prefer the convenience of use and higher expense of sewer lines over the additional responsibility and cheaper total cost associated with septic systems, if there is a choice available, which is not always the case.

Septic Tank Types

Septic tanks constructed from a variety of materials have differing degrees of strength and longevity. Here is a breakdown of the advantages and disadvantages of the most prevalent types of septic tanks.

A Clear Choice?

Unfortunately, there isn’t a septic tank that is one size fits all in the world. The best type of septic tank for one circumstance may not be the best type of septic tank for another one. The pros and drawbacks described in this article should assist anybody contemplating a septic system in making an educated decision about their options. For dependable information, tools, and supplies, go no farther than First Supply.

The 6 Septic Systems You Must Know — Build With a Bang

We regret that there isn’t a single septic tank that will work for every situation. Septic tanks are designed for certain situations, and the greatest septic tank for one condition may not be the best for another. Everyone who is contemplating installing a septic system will benefit from knowing the pros and downsides of each system. For dependable knowledge, tools, and supplies, First Supply is the finest source.

Why Concrete Septic Tanks May Be Your Best Option

Unfortunately, there isn’t a septic tank that is one size fits all. The greatest septic tank for one case may not be the finest septic tank for another. Everyone who is contemplating installing a septic system will benefit from knowing the pros and downsides of doing so. For dependable knowledge, tools, and supplies, turn to First Supply.

Conventional System

The majority of traditional septic systems are situated in single-family residences or small commercial establishments. A high number of individuals in a single area is not often served by traditional systems, which are not normally designed for this purpose. A typical system consists of the following components: Sewage treatment system (Septic tank) An underground wastewater infiltration system or a gravel-filled drain field can both be used to collect wastewater. Protects the clean drain field from additional possible impurities with a strong geofabric covering.

The wastewater (also known as effluent) is routed from the septic tank to the drain field in this location.

As soon as the wastewater passes through the clean drain field, it flows into the soil where it is continuously cleaned by naturally existing bacteria as it gently trickles its way through the soil layer and into groundwater.

The disadvantage is that it is difficult to install in homes with small lots.

Chamber System

As a viable alternative to the more frequent gravel field technique, chamber systems have been in use since the 1970s. It is common to employ chamber systems in places where the water table is high, as they reduce the likelihood of poor drainage and messy back-ups. Another need for this system is a sequence of linked pipelines and chambers, with the chambers being completely enclosed by soil. The septic pipes transport wastewater from the home to the septic tank, which subsequently transports the wastewater to the chambers.

During the last stages of wastewater treatment before it is discharged into a storm drain, bacteria in the soil release the treated wastewater into the soil as it flows downward toward the groundwater table.

Benefit: Areas with high water tables or considerable ground water saturation year-round are candidates for installation. The disadvantage of using an extra chamber instead of a more standard drain field is that there is an increased risk of additional maintenance.

Aerobic Treatment System

Aeration of wastewater in a septic treatment tank is accomplished by the use of aerobic treatment equipment. The infused oxygen in the wastewater aids in the addition of nutrients to the wastewater as well as the efficient start of the treatment process itself. Aerobic systems are available with tanks that may be used for both pretreatment and final treatment, as well as systems with two distinct tanks for pretreatment and final treatment, among other options. The ultimate objective is to treat and disinfect in a safe and efficient manner, without causing harm.

The disadvantage of using an aerobic system is that, like the drip distribution system, it requires regular maintenance.

Drip Distribution System

It is not necessary to install a standard gravel-based drain field since the Drip Distribution system makes use of an underground snaking system of distribution pipes that are installed near the surface of the soil. Pipe laterals for the drip distribution system are buried in shallow ground soil, generally 6 to 12 inches below the surface of the ground. Because it eliminates the requirement for a standard drain field, this technique reduces the amount of digging required and makes it easier to reach plumbing within the drain field.

A second tank, referred to as a dosage tank, is required to take wastewater after it has passed through the septic tank in order to handle this technique.

However, in order for this to happen, the dosage tank must be connected to power.

Sand Filter System

Sand filter systems allow waste water to travel from a septic tank to a pump chamber, and then from the pump chamber to the sand filtering system. Sand filter systems are used in conjunction with septic tanks. The sand filtration system is essentially a big concrete box that is filled with sand to filter out contaminants. Following a leisurely pumping operation to the top of the box, the waste water is filtered through the sand, which treats the water prior to its discharge into the soil absorption region (see illustration).

Cons: Frequent maintenance is required.

Evapotranspiration System

In contrast to conventional septic systems, the Evapotranspiration System’s drain field is housed in a closed, waterproof field that is covered with layers of gravel and sand to keep out the elements. Once the wastewater has passed through the septic tank and into the waterproof drain field, it begins to evaporate slowly. It is important to note that, unlike other septic systems, the effluent never filters into the soil. When compared to the alternatives, the ease of installation, maintenance, and use is superior.

Benefits: The ease of use is excellent, and the difficulty of installation and maintenance is minimal. Limitations of the evapotranspiration system: Excessive humidity or rains will prohibit the system from performing as intended.

Mound System

The mound system consists of the construction of a big sand mound that serves as a drain field. A controlled flow of wastewater is maintained throughout its journey from the septic tank to a chamber where it is pushed through to the mound. After flowing through a mound trench and percolating through the sand, the wastewater eventually trickles into the ground. Among those who live in rural locations where there is a lot of land but little absorbent soil, the mound system is a popular alternative.

Cons: It takes up a lot of room and requires a lot of upkeep.

Solid waste matter can block the pump and cause damage to the drain field if it is not pumped on a regular basis.

Garbage Disposal With Septic

Unless you reside in a septic-equipped home, it is better not to have a trash disposal. The increased volume of solid waste material will necessitate more frequent septic tank pumping and may erode the drain field, resulting in sewage back-ups in the future. Those who live in homes with septic systems may find that they must be extra cautious about what they flush down the toilet. Certain common home objects, when flushed down a toilet connected to a septic system, can create clogs, backups, and even damage to the system, resulting in not only discomfort and aggravation, but also a significant financial burden.

Chemicals may cause significant damage to and contamination of surface and groundwater, which can result in disease or even death in animals and people who consume the water.

Pesticides Oils Chemicals used in photography

9 Different Types of Septic Systems

When considering the installation of a new septic system or the replacement of an old one that has reached the end of its useful life, property owners should consider whether some of the most recent alternative systems might address their particular property better than simply reinstalling a conventional septic system model with potentially similar issues all over again. A homeowner or property owner will ultimately have to make the decision on which type of septic system to install, whether they are building a new house or dealing with the reality of having to replace an old septic system that has reached the end of its useful life.

• It should come as no surprise that certain systems perform better in particular regions than others.
• The reality is that most consumers are completely unaware of their options and just purchase a new system.
• The environment in which the system will be installed has a significant impact on whether systems will function more efficiently.
• And virtually all of those outcomes will result in considerable repair and cleaning expenses, which you should want to avoid at all costs.

The following topics are related: Does Cold Weather Affect Septic Systems|Types of Garbage Disposal|Sump Pump Check Valve|How to Conserve Water at Home|How to Install a Toilet

The Two Big Categories of Septic Systems

Almost all septic systems may be classified into one of two categories. The first is conventional, whereas the second is, as one might expect, nonconventional or alternative. However, if you were under the impression that choosing between the two options was straightforward, prepare to be surprised. The alternative category alone has a total of 20 distinct system models from which one might choose.

The Conventional Septic System Model

This is the category that the majority of people are most familiar with. The standard arrangement entails burying a big tank in the ground close to the home or building that will be served by the system. The wastewater from the house is channeled into the tank by gravity, which is an efficient method. As long as the water line remains in and out, liquid will continue to flow out of the tank and into the drain field, which is located beneath the tank’s base. In this tank, solid trash carried by wastewater from your home flows into the tank and sinks to the bottom by gravity, while the water itself goes onward to the drain.

• When using a traditional system, the soil around the system is a major concern.
• The dirt and soil must be porous enough to allow this to happen.
• In the typical arrangement, the tank is the source of the second source of concern.
• This is a positive condition that will take years to develop, but it will eventually materialize.
• Most owners discover this problem the hard way during the rainy season or after a major blockage incident if they do not do routine maintenance.
• If properly maintained, these standard systems may last anywhere from 25 to 30 years before they need to be completely replaced.
• Older versions that have required extensive repair have frequently been concrete boxes that have either completely crumbled over time or have been infested with plant or tree roots from the surrounding area.

Depending on the situation, the installation process might be pretty basic. Some cases may be more challenging than others. It should come as no surprise that this variation results in a range of expenses that can quickly move from affordable to prohibitively expensive.

Alternative Septic System Types

In general, this category contains items that are familiar to the majority of the population. Conventional models have a big tank that’s subterranean and buried near the home or building that will be served by the system. The wastewater from the house drains into the tank due to the law of gravitation. As long as the water line remains in and out, liquid will continue to flow out of the tank and into the drain field, which is located beneath the tank’s surface. In this tank, solid trash carried by wastewater from your house flows into the tank and sinks to the bottom by gravity, while the water itself goes forward to the drainage.

1. In a typical system, the soil around the system is a major concern.
2. The dirt and soil must be porous enough to allow water to flow through it.
3. In the typical arrangement, the tank poses a second source of worry.
4. Even if this is a favorable circumstance, the procedure will take years.
5. Most owners discover this problem the hard way during the rainy season or after a major blockage incident if they do not do regular maintenance.
6. If properly maintained, these standard systems may survive anywhere from 25 to 30 years before they need to be completely rebuilt.
7. More frequently than not, older models that required extensive repair were concrete boxes that had either completely crumbled over time or had been infiltrated by local plant and tree roots.
8. Some situations may be more challenging than others.

Options in Alternative Systems

Sand is utilized to make up for the lack of a good covering of soil in some areas. Sand is incredibly porous to water, which allows it to pass through it at breakneck speed.

Sand also has a high density as a whole, which prevents solid materials from flowing ahead. By using this method, it is able to effectively establish a sand drain field, which produces the appropriate drainage effect that would otherwise be impossible to achieve.

A Recirculating Sand Filter Approach

A looping system, which offers a twofold sand filter effect, is ideal for places where there is a high sensitivity to a drain field and where it is necessary to guarantee that the water already there is fully clean of matter. It takes twice as long for water to pass through a sand block before it ultimately drains and evaporates. Everything that the first layer of sand filter did not stop, which is generally extremely minute particulate matter, is blocked by the second layer.

A Mound Septic Design

This strategy, which makes use of gravity as an augmenting force, retains the water line and tank above ground level, forcing the wastewater to flow into a drain field condition, which pushes water downward. The gravitational pull of the water pulls it through a sand layer, which filters it, resulting in a fully clear liquid that is released into the surrounding soil region.

An Evaporation Septic Approach

This method, which is intended for usage in extremely dry and arid environments, employs an evapotranspiration strategy to pull water into moisture deficit regions of dry soil, grass, and plants. All three of these methods generate a suction effect that draws moisture through the system. This method, on the other hand, should never be employed in locations where there is more than two feet of rainfall each year.

An Aerobic Septic System

Oxygen is a powerful decomposer of all organic materials. This is a well-known biological truth, particularly when it comes to deteriorating materials. Because the Aerobic Septic system proactively exposes wastewater to oxygen, the breakdown process as well as the evaporation process are accelerated. Once the water has passed through the system, it tends to be cleaner and evaporates much more quickly than water that has been through other systems.

Drip Irrigation

Organic materials are severely damaged by oxygen. When it comes to decaying matter, this is a well-established biological truth. The Aerobic Septic system actually and proactively exposes wastewater to oxygen, which speeds up the breakdown process as well as the evaporation process later on in the system’s operation. Once the water has passed through the system, it is often cleaner and evaporates much more quickly than water that has passed through other systems.

A Low-Pressure Septic System

Although it is not a real alternative septic system in the traditional sense, the low-pressure technique does function better in soil locations where the ground does not want to cooperate too much. This method makes use of a low-pressure pumping action to force water into the tank and out to the soil, causing it to drain a little faster than it would otherwise, rather than waiting for gravity to do all of the job. It takes less time for the water to drain out of the area as it flows and distributes over the ground surface.

What is Not a Septic System Replacement

Many people assume that they can easily restart a septic system by flooding it with a large dosage of pre-treated bacteria to eat away the sludge that may be overflowing a typical tank and producing a blockage. This is not always the case. While these therapies have some impact, they are not intended to be a replacement for the entire system. The truth is that most septic tanks already contain a large number of bacteria that are doing an excellent job of breaking down particles. Unfortunately, it still results in the formation of sediment that displaces water and eventually forms a silty sludge that can obstruct water flow and limit the amount of water that can eventually drain into the leech field or drain field.

Regardless of how much bacteria is present at that stage, the tank must be physically emptied, which is often accomplished by the use of a professionally-equipped pumping system.

How to Maintain Any Septic System Once You Choose One

To begin, every property owner should establish a regular routine of inspecting and servicing their present system on a regular basis, as well as having it pumped on a regular time as well. Any septic system with a holding tank should be pumped and cleaned at the very least once every three years, if not more frequently. If the family size is considerable and the system is being utilized for more than one home or building, this figure may actually be reduced and become more frequent as the household grows.

1. Toilets and faucets that are energy efficient may go a long way toward minimizing the quantity of wastewater generated, allowing microorganisms to do their jobs better in the tank, and reducing the demand on the system, allowing it to drain and disperse more quickly.
2. It is never acceptable to flush rubbish or processed items down the toilet; they should be disposed of in garbage cans instead.
3. It is important to remember that system maintenance includes monitoring the condition of the drain field as well as other components.
4. Never allow trees, shrubs, or plants with strong roots to grow anywhere near a drain-field, no matter how tempting it may be.
5. Aside from that, another drainage system from the home or building should be routed to a different site than the drain field.

Types of Septic Systems

When used properly, a septic tank can offer initial treatment for wastewater by trapping and preventing the movement of soil clogging elements (such as solid waste or fats, oils, and grease, among other things) to the drainfield. Septic tanks create an environment in which some elements can be lowered even more by microbial breakdown, which occurs in the tank itself. It is advised that you pump out your septic tank at least once every 2 – 5 years. There are one or more drainlines connected to a distribution device (distribution box or D-Box, pressure manifold) and a distribution device.

When compared to a gravel drainline, certain gravel-less ditches allow for a 25 percent reduction in overall drainline length, which can result in a reduction in the size of the septic system’s drainfield.

Conventional Gravity Septic System

It is the most basic type of onsite wastewater system and requires deep useable soil depths to be installed in order to function properly (30 inches). A traditional gravel system is made up of two components: a septic tank and a drainfield. The system is installed in such a way that wastewater may be moved throughout the system with the help of gravity.

Gravity systems that are conventional in design are always the top choice because to their reduced cost and minimal maintenance needs. Almost any sort of gravel or gravel-less drainline can be used in the drainfield. The average cost of a 4-bedroom system is between $4,000 and $5,000.

Conventional-Pump Septic System

These systems make use of a separate pump tank and pump to ensure that wastewater is correctly distributed to the drainlines. They are most commonly employed when the drainfield is located uphill from the residence. Almost any sort of gravel or gravel-less drainline can be used in the drainfield. The average cost of a 4-bedroom system is between $5,000 and $6,000.

Pressure Distribution Systems

Pressure distribution systems are intended to improve the distribution of wastewater throughout the whole drainfield by increasing the pressure in the system. These systems are often employed in situations where soil conditions are less than ideal, and steep slopes or a limited amount of accessible area are present. The following are examples of pressure distribution systems:

Pressure Manifold Septic System

It is the goal of pressure distribution systems to provide better distribution of wastewater over the drainfield’s length and breadth. They are often employed when soil conditions are less than ideal and are combined with steep slopes or a limited amount of usable land area. Systems for distributing pressure can be classified into several categories.

Low-Pressure Pipe (LPP) Septic System

The average cost of a 4-bedroom system is between $12,000 and $15,000.

Drip Disposal Septic Systems

A four-bedroom system typically costs between $12,000 and $15,000.

Drip Disposal Systems – Aerobic Treatment

They are identical to anaerobic systems, with the exception that they feature an aerobic pre-treatment unit that processes the wastewater before it is discharged. These methods are used on the most marginal soils, with acceptable soil depths ranging from 13 to 18 inches on these soils. Septic tanks, a pump tank/aerobic pre-treatment unit, a hydraulic unit/filter module, and drip tubing drainfields are all components of the overall system. The average cost of a four-bedroom system is $40,000 per system.

Learn more about Septic Systems and Soils Testing

However, they differ from anaerobic systems in that they include an aerobic pre-treatment unit that processes the wastewater before it is discharged into a drain. Certain systems are used on the most marginal soils, with acceptable soil depths ranging from 13 to 18 inches on these soil types. Septic tanks, a pump tank/aerobic pre-treatment unit, a hydraulic unit/filter module, and drip tubing drainfields are all components of the system’s construction. For a four-bedroom system, the average price is $40,000 (including installation).

Gravity System

They are identical to anaerobic systems, with the exception that they include an aerobic pre-treatment unit that processes the wastewater before it is discharged. Systems like this are used on the most marginal soils, with acceptable soil depths ranging from 13 to 18 inches. A septic tank, a pump tank/aerobic pre-treatment unit, a hydraulic unit/filter module, and a drip tubing drainfield are all components of the system. The average cost of a 4-bedroom system is $40,000 per system.

How a Gravity System Works

Because heavy materials settle to the bottom of the septic tank when wastewater flows from the home into it, a sludge layer is formed on the bottom of the tank as wastewater flows into it through the input baffle.

Lighter materials, such as oil and grease, float to the surface, producing a scum layer on the surface of the water. The wastewater liquid in the centre of the system is channeled via the outflow baffle and into the next component of it. Regarding the baffle for the outlet:

• If your system does not already have one, you should consider adding an output baffle filter to your system. Designed to be installed in the outflow baffle of your septic tank, these filters provide a second layer of protection against suspended particles from entering the drainfield. Maintain your filter on a regular basis, at least once every 6 to 12 months. If your filter has a concrete baffle, you could consider hiring someone to retrofit a plastic baffle in its stead. Because of the presence of corrosive gases in septic tanks, concrete baffles are prone to degradation. A filter may be simply fitted on a plastic outlet baffle
• However, it is not recommended.

Distribution boxes (d-boxes) are commonly used in gravity systems to ensure that wastewater is distributed uniformly into each lateral pipe in the drainfield. Following collection in the lateral pipes, wastewater runs out of tiny holes into a gravelled trench, where it finally reaches the earth. Bacteria that thrive on oxygen and other microorganisms clean up wastewater by eliminating pathogens from it. The importance of this final stage of treatment in safeguarding groundwater and surface water cannot be overstated.

• A brochure entitled Understanding and Caring for Your Septic Tank System (PDF) is available for download.

Pressure Distribution System

Septic systems with pressurized chambers take treated wastewater from the septic tank and store it in a holding tank. When the soil and site characteristics necessitate controlled dosing, such as when there is only 2-3 feet of native appropriate soil beneath the drainfield, a pressure distribution system is employed. A pump, pump control floats, and a high-water alert float are all included within the pump chamber. Pump activity can be regulated either via the use of control floats or through the use of timed controls.

How a Pressure Distribution System Works

Wastewater is discharged from the septic tank and flows into the pump compartment. It is positioned on the floor of the pump chamber, which is where the pump itself is located. Inside the chamber, there are floats that are utilized to regulate the pump’s operation. The On/Off float activates the pump when the level of wastewater reaches a certain threshold. The pump distributes the wastewater across the drainfield lines in an even distribution. When the amount of wastewater within the pump chamber falls below a certain point, the pump is turned off to allow the drainfield soil to absorb the wastewater.

Put the alarm on hold and contact a licensed professional right away.

Some systems, rather than using On/Off floats, employ a timer control panel.

• Septic tank wastewater is discharged into the pump chamber through a pipe. A floor-mounted pump is used to circulate water via a system of pipes. It is controlled by a set of floats located inside the chamber. When the wastewater level reaches a certain level, the On/Off float activates the pump. The pump distributes the wastewater across the drainfield lines in an even distribution. Pumping stops when the amount of wastewater in the pump chamber falls below a certain level, allowing the drainfield soil to absorb the effluent. Whenever the pump fails, or if there is an excessive amount of wastewater entering the chamber, the uppermost float rises and an alert is activated on a control panel located near the residence. Immediately deactivate the alarm and contact a qualified specialist for assistance. Please keep in mind that not all pump tanks are equipped with a float mechanism. As an alternative to On/Off floats, some systems make use of a timer control panel.

Mound System

In this case, the mound is a drainfield bed that has been elevated above the natural soil surface using a specified sand fill material and then filled with suitable cover soil. They can be employed in situations where there is just one or two feet of native appropriate soil available. Within the sand fill is a gravel-filled or gravelless chamber bed, which is connected to the rest of the structure by a network of tiny diameter pipes.

How a Mound System Works

Drainfield beds are elevated above the natural soil surface using a specified sand fill material, which is then covered with an appropriate cover soil to create mounds. Even when there is just one or two feet of native, appropriate soil available, they may be used successfully. An underground chamber bed with a network of tiny diameter pipes is contained inside the sand fill. The chamber bed may be gravel-filled or gravelless.

• Understanding and Caring for Your Mound System (PDF)
• Understanding and Caring for Your Mound System (PDF).

Sand Filter System

Sand filters are typically constructed of PVC or concrete boxes that are filled with a specified sand fill material.

A network of tiny diameter pipes is laid in a gravel-filled or gravelless chamber bed on top of the sand, and the pipes are connected to each other. They can be employed when there is just 1.5 feet of native, appropriate soil under the receiving drainfield, which is the most common situation.

How a Sand Filter System Works

The pump tank distributes wastewater to the sand filter box in regulated dosages, allowing it to be distributed evenly throughout the system. The wastewater exits the pipelines and trickles downward into the gravel, where it is treated as it passes through the sand filtering system. It is collected and sent to a second pump chamber, where it is discharged to a pressure distribution drainfield or a gravity flow drainfield, depending on the kind of wastewater treatment. The second pump chamber may be situated in the sand filter box, depending on the configuration.

• Learn more about your sand filter system with this brochure: Understanding and Caring for Your Sand Filter System (PDF).

Other Types

Learn more about your sand filter system with this brochure: Understanding and Maintaining Your Sand Filter System (PDF).

Aerobic Treament Unit (ATU)

It is possible to utilize aerobic treatment units as a pretreatment device in locations where there is at least 1 to 1.5 feet of native appropriate soil underneath the receiving drainfield. A blower, also known as an aerator, introduces air into the ATU, so increasing the aerobic microbial activity. This sort of unit will frequently necessitate the use of a disinfectant such as chlorine or ultraviolet light treatment before the wastewater may be discharged into the drain field. An ATU is required to be examined by a manufacturer-certified representative and/or a representative of the local health jurisdiction at least once a year, and in some cases more frequently, by a representative of the local health jurisdiction and/or the manufacturer.

BioFilter

BioFilters are developed and placed on locations where there is as little as one foot of native, appropriate soil available for the filter to function. The product is self-contained and does not require the use of an extra drainfield-like component. Design, installation, and maintenance of these systems are all performed by BioFilter-approved specialists, according to the manufacturer.

Outdated Systems

Many various types of containers have been used as septic tanks in the past, and some of these containers may no longer be safe or functional. Prior to the 1970s, cinderblocks, wood, 55-gallon drums, and concrete were all acceptable materials for constructing septic tanks (manufactured or homemade). Concrete or steel tanks with a single compartment were prevalent from around 1965 to 1975. Metal tanks are prone to corroding and have been known to cave in. If you have an older system that was installed before to the 1970s, contact your local health agency to find out what sort of septic tank you have.

Cesspools

Older septic systems were occasionally constructed without the use of a septic tank to treat either a portion or all of the effluent.

A cesspool is defined as untreated wastewater that is discharged straight into a bottomless tank. In some cases, this sort of system may satisfy the criteria of a failure, and it would be necessary to discard it and replace it with an entirely new septic system.

Seepage Pit

Septic tank wastewater is treated at the first phase of treatment before flowing into a bottomless chamber, known as a seepage pit, which is often several feet deep and has no bottom. At these depths, the necessary oxygen is not always present to complete the final treatment, enabling untreated wastewater to seep into the earth. This may fulfill the criteria of a failure, and the system would need to be abandoned and replaced with a new septic system to be considered successful. Contact your local health agency to determine whether your septic system is obsolete and to receive advise on septic system improvements or replacements.

Video – Types of Septic Systems

• Septic System 101: The Fundamentals of Septic Systems
• Taking Good Care of Your Septic System
• A video on how to inspect your septic system yourself
• Using the Services of a Septic System Professional
• Safety of the Septic Tank Lid
• Symptoms of a Failing Septic System

What Types of Septic Systems Are There and What Do They Offer?

Before you employ septic installation services, you must first choose which sort of septic system is most appropriate for your requirements. This selection will have significant ramifications, impacting the design of the septic system, the requirements for septic system installation, the efficiency of the system, and other factors. In order to assist you in making your decision, we will go through five distinct types of septic systems and their characteristics in the following paragraphs.

1. Septic Tanks

In order to employ septic installation services, you must first choose which sort of septic system is most appropriate for your situation. Important ramifications will result from this decision, which will influence the design of the septic system, as well as the requirements for its installation and efficiency, among other things. Listed below are five distinct types of septic systems, along with their characteristics, to assist you make your decision.

2. Conventional Systems

Septic tank systems connected to a drainfield or a subsurface wastewater infiltration system are examples of wastewater treatment assembly systems. In order to transport the water from the tank, it is piped to a shallow trench of gravel or stone that is constructed directly beneath the ground surface. Geofabric is used to cover the trench to keep dirt, sand, and other pollutants from penetrating the space underneath it. The wastewater is filtered as it flows through the gravel or stone layer, thus the term “infiltrator septic system,” and it is further cleaned by the bacteria in the soil underneath the trench, which is referred to as the “infiltrator” in the name of the system.

As a rule, drainfields have a somewhat big footprint, making them unsuitable for many residential applications.

3. Chamber Systems

Septic tank systems linked to a drainfield or a subsurface wastewater infiltration system are examples of wastewater treatment assembly configurations. Pumping water from the tank to a shallow gravel or stone trench dug directly beneath the ground surface takes place via a buried pipe system. Geofabric is used to cover the trench to keep dirt, sand, and other pollutants from penetrating the space underneath. Because of the filtering action of the gravel or stone layer, this type of septic system is also known as a “infiltrator septic system.” The wastewater is further cleansed by the bacteria in the soil under the trench, which is why it is called a “infiltrator.” Despite the fact that these systems have been implemented and operated effectively for decades, they are not always a suitable choice.

In many cases, the drainage field has a vast footprint, making it inappropriate for many residential applications.

4. Drip Distribution Systems

These are effluent dispersal devices that may be used in a variety of drainfield configurations. Many homeowners favor them since they do not need the construction of big mounds of earth. Their drip laterals are installed at a depth of 6 to 12 inches below the surface of the soil. One downside of these sorts of septic systems is that they necessitate the installation of relatively large dosage tanks following the septic tanks in order to permit the wastewater’s timed-dose distribution to the drip absorption regions, which can be costly.

5. Mound Systems

In places with high groundwater, shallow soil depth, and shallow bedrock, these septic system types are more frequent than in other areas. They are made up of a sand mound that serves as a shelter for a drainfield trench. Septic tank wastewater is released into a pump chamber, from which it is pushed to the mound in predetermined dosages and filtered via the trench and sand layer prior to being spread into the surrounding soil. Even while mound systems might be an effective option for specific soil conditions, they take up a lot of space and require regular maintenance.

Let Specialists Recommend the Best Septic Systems for Your Home!

Homes owners frequently believe that simply because they have seen a sewer system diagram or various different types of septic tanks installed, they are capable of making the best decision for their home’s sewage system. Some people even go so far as to hunt for information on how to construct a septic system and consider taking matters into their own hands to solve the problem themselves. That is not something we recommend. For any commercial or residential project in Westport, Fairfield, Trumbull or Shelton, or if you have any questions about our services, please call or contact us online.

A Beginner’s Guide to Septic Systems

• Septic systems are used to dispose of waste from homes and buildings. Identifying the location of the septic tank and drainfield
• What a Septic System Is and How It Works Keeping a Septic System in Good Condition
• Signs that a septic system is failing include:

Using a septic system to service your home or building. Identifying the location of the septic tank and drainage field; and Describes the operation of a septic system Keeping a Septic System in Good Condition Symptoms of a Failing Septic System

Is Your Home or Building on a Septic System?

It is possible that the solution to this question will not be evident. If a structure looks to be connected to a sewage system, it may instead be connected to a septic system. It is fairly unusual for tenants to be unaware of the final destination of the wastewater generated by their residence. Some of the hints or signs listed below will assist in determining whether the facility is served by a septic system or whether it is supplied by a sewer system:

• Answering this question may not be as straightforward as you may expect. If a structure looks to be connected to a sewage system, it might potentially be connected to a septic system instead! Most tenants are unaware of what happens to the wastewater from their residence, which is not unusual. It will be easier to detect whether or not a structure is equipped with a septic system or is serviced by a public sewer system if the following indications or signs are present:

All property owners should be aware of whether or not their property is equipped with an on-site wastewater treatment system.

Georgia law mandates that the property owner is responsible for the correct operation of a septic system, as well as any necessary maintenance and repairs.

Locating the Septic Tank and Drainfield

The presence or absence of an on-site wastewater treatment facility should be known by all property owners. In Georgia, the property owner is responsible for the correct operation of the septic system, as well as for any necessary maintenance and repairs to be performed.

How a Septic System Works

Typical sewage treatment system (figure 1). It is composed of three components (Figure 1): the tank, the drain lines or discharge lines, and the soil treatment area (also known as the soil treatment area) (sometimes called a drainfield or leach field). The size of the tank varies according to the size of the structure. The normal home (three bedrooms, two bathrooms) will often include a 1,000-gallon water storage tank on the premises. Older tanks may only have one chamber, however newer tanks must have two chambers.

• The tank functions by settling waste and allowing it to be digested by microbes.
• These layers include the bottom sludge layer, the top scum layer, and a “clear” zone in the center.
• A typical septic tank is seen in Figure 2.
• It is fortunate that many of the bacteria involved are found in high concentrations in the human gastrointestinal tract.
• Although the bacteria may break down some of the stuff in the sludge, they are unable to break down all of it, which is why septic tanks must be cleaned out every three to seven years.
• In addition, when new water is introduced into the septic tank, an equal volume of water is pushed out the discharge lines and onto the drainfield.
• The water trickles out of the perforated drain pipes, down through a layer of gravel, and into the soil below the surface (Figure 3).
• A typical drainfield may be found here.
• Plants, bacteria, fungus, protozoa, and other microorganisms, as well as bigger critters such as mites, earthworms, and insects, flourish in soil.

Mineralogical and metallic elements attach to soil particles, allowing them to be removed from the waste water. The cleaned water finally finds its way into the groundwater system.

Maintaining a Septic System

The most typical reason for a septic system to fail is a lack of proper maintenance. Septic systems that are failing are expensive to repair or replace, and the expense of repairs rests on the shoulders of the property owner (Figure 4). Fortunately, keeping your septic system in good working order and avoiding costly repairs is rather simple. Figure 4. Septic system failure is frequently caused by a lack of proper maintenance. It is in your best interests to be aware of the location of the system, how it operates, and how to maintain it.

• You should pump the tank if you aren’t sure when the last time it was pumped.
• It is not permissible to drive or park over the tank or drainage field.
• No rubbish should be disposed of in the sink or the toilet.
• It’s important to remember that garbage disposals enhance the requirement for regular pumping.
• When designing a landscape, keep the septic system in mind.
• It is also not recommended to consume veggies that have been cultivated above drainfield lines (see Dorn, S.
• Ornamental Plantings on Septic Drainfields.

C 1030).

Any water that enters your home through a drain or toilet eventually ends up in your septic system.

Don’t put too much strain on the system by consuming a large amount of water in a short period of time.

Additives should not be used.

Various types of additives are available for purchase as treatment options, cleansers, restorers, rejuvenator and boosters, among other things.

To break up oil and grease and unclog drains, chemical additives are available for purchase.

Pumping out the septic tank is not eliminated or reduced by using one of these systems.

They remain floating in the water and travel into the drainfield, where they may block the pipes. Acids have the potential to damage concrete storage tanks and distribution boxes.

Signs a Septic System is Failing

A failed system manifests itself in the following ways:

• Sinks and toilets drain at a snail’s pace
• Plumbing that is backed up
• The sound of gurgling emanating from the plumbing system House or yard aromas that smell like sewage
• In the yard, there is wet or squishy dirt
• Water that is gray in hue that has accumulated
• An region of the yard where the grass is growing more quickly and is becoming greener
• Water contaminated by bacteria from a well

If you notice any of these indicators, you should notify your local health department immediately. An environmentalist from the health department can assist in identifying possible hazards. There are also listings of state-certified contractors available from the local health department, who may do repairs. Repairs or alterations to the system must be approved by the health department and examined by an inspector. Keep an eye out for any meetings that may take place between a health department inspector and a contractor to discuss repairs to your system.

• Household garbage that has not been properly handled is released into the environment when systems fail.
• It has the potential to pollute surrounding wells, groundwater, streams, and other sources of potable water, among other things.
• The foul odor emanating from a malfunctioning system can cause property values to plummet.
• Briefly stated, broken systems can have an impact on your family, neighbors, community, and the environment.
• Septic systems are an effective, attractive, and reasonably priced method of treating and disposing of wastewater.

Figures 2 and 3 reprinted with permission from: CIDWT. 2009. Installation of Wastewater Treatment Systems. Consortium of Institutes for Decentralized Wastewater Treatment. Iowa State University, Midwest Plan Service. Ames, IA.

Please call your local health department if any of these indicators are observed. Environmental specialists from the health department can assist with the identification of potentially hazardous situations. Local health departments also maintain lists of state-certified contractors who are available to carry out repair work if needed. Health department approval and inspection are required before any repairs or alterations are made to the system. Keep an eye out for any meetings that may take place between a health department inspector and a contractor to discuss the repairs to your system.

Household garbage that has not been properly handled is released into the environment when systems malfunction.

The contamination of surrounding wells, groundwater, streams, and other sources of drinking water is a serious threat to the public health.

Real estate prices might be affected by the foul smell emanating from a faulty system.

Briefly stated, broken systems can have negative consequences for your family, neighbors, community, and environment.

Septic systems are a cost-effective, environmentally friendly method of treating and disposing of wastewater that is efficient, attractive, and simple. They can safeguard and preserve both public and environmental health for many years if they are properly maintained.