How To Build A High Strength Septic Tank? (Solution)

• Dig a trench that’s 4 × 26 × 3 ft (1.22 × 7.92 × 0.91 m). Use either a shovel or an excavator to make a hole in the spot where you want your tank. Keep digging until the hole is 4 feet (1.2 m) wide, 26 feet (7.9 m) long, and 3 feet (0.91 m) deep. You can usually rent excavators for digging from a heavy machinery supply store.

How do I increase septic tank capacity?

The simplest way to add to your septic tank while remaining connected to existing sewer lines is to simply add an additional septic tank. This gives your home a larger wastewater capacity, and gives your septic system more time to treat the wastewater before draining.

What is best material for septic tank?

The best choice is a precast concrete septic tank. Precast septic tanks hold many advantages over plastic, steel, or fiberglass tanks. This is why so many cities and towns actually require the use of concrete septic tanks.

How strong is a concrete septic tank?

Pros. Very durable: Concrete septic tanks are much more durable than their plastic counterparts. Long-lasting: Concrete tanks last a very long time. With proper maintenance and regular draining, a concrete septic tank could last up to 40 years.

Can you expand a leach field?

ENLARGING THE SYSTEM The drainfield or other soil treatment component (mound, at-grade) will need to be enlarged by two-thirds. If the lot presents adequate space and suitable soil, this is not much of a problem.

How long will a leach field last?

Under normal conditions and good care, a leach-field will last for 50 years or more. Concrete septic tanks are sturdy and reliable but not indestructible.

Can you have a septic tank without a leach field?

The waste from most septic tanks flows to a soakaway system or a drainage field. If your septic tank doesn’t have a drainage field or soakaway system, the waste water will instead flow through a sealed pipe and empty straight into a ditch or a local water course.

Can you bury a leach field?

Drain fields are made by laying a series of perforated pipes into a gravel bed. Generally, a finished bed contains 12 inches of gravel below the pipe and another 2 inches on top. The field is then backfilled with 18 to 30 inches of soil to finish the bed and bring it even with the surrounding ground.

Can a leach field be on a slope?

1. The maximum slope allowed for leach line trenches is 40% (2-1/2:1 slope). 2. All leach lines on steep slopes shall be installed in five-foot deep trenches with 12 inches of leach rock below the leach pipe or with approved chambers or other gravel-less system.

What can I use instead of a septic tank?

Alternative Septic Systems

• Raised Bed (Mound) Septic Tank Systems. A raised bed drain field (sometimes called a mound) is just like what it sounds.
• Aerobic Treatment Systems (ATS) Aerobic systems are basically a small scale sewage treatment system.
• Waterless Systems.

Is plastic or concrete septic tank better?

Plastic septic tanks are watertight and are immune to water-based corrosion. They are also rust-resistant. Plastic tanks are less prone to cracking since plastic is flexible, and thus a plastic septic tank does not crack as much as a cement septic tank. Plastic septic tanks are more hygienic than cement tanks.

Are septic tanks made of concrete?

Modern septic tanks are made out of either industrial plastic or precast concrete. Some tanks are also made of fiberglass, though this material is uncommon in the United States. Concrete is inherently watertight, whereas plastic and fiberglass must undergo extra processes in order to hold water.

How often should a 1000 gallon septic tank be cleaned?

For example, a 1,000 gallon septic tank, which is used by two people, should be pumped every 5.9 years. If there are eight people using a 1,000-gallon septic tank, it should be pumped every year.

How deep should a septic tank be?

Septic tanks are typically rectangular in shape and measure approximately 5 feet by 8 feet. In most cases, septic tank components including the lid, are buried between 4 inches and 4 feet underground.

How much weight can you put on a concrete septic tank?

Consider that unless you have installed a septic tank with a “vehicle traffic rated” or Highway Traffic Rated strength cover, a typical concrete residential septic tank, following the University of Minnesota design guide (as a typical standard) is built to carry the weight of the soil covering the septic tank and a

Large-Capacity Septic Systems

In this section, you will learn how large-capacity septic systems (LCSSs) are classified, how and why LCSSs are controlled, and where you can get more information about these systems. What is a septic system, and how does it work? What is a large-capacity septic system, and how does it work? What exactly does a large-capacity septic system not include? Why does the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulate large-capacity septic systems? In terms of large-capacity septic systems, what are the bare minimum federal requirements?

Do you require assistance?

What is a septic system?

A septic system is a technique of treating and disposing of sanitary wastewater that is installed on-site. A typical septic system will typically have the following components:

• The buried tank is responsible for removing suspended particles from raw wastewater. System for distributing effluent Additional effluent treatment and attenuation are provided by the soil absorption area, which is achieved through the processes of adsorption, dispersion, and biodegradation.

Grease traps and other pre-treatment devices may be installed in septic systems as well. Advanced designs may contain many tiny septic tanks that drain to a dry well, or connections to multiple absorption zones that are used on a rotating basis, among other features. People in rural and suburban regions that rely on ground water for their drinking water are more likely to have septic systems installed. The presence of septic systems in drinking water sources is minimal when they are properly sited, built, constructed, managed, and maintained, according to the EPA.

What is a large-capacity septic system?

The term “big capacity septic system” refers to a septic system that takes exclusively sanitary waste from many houses or from a non-residential enterprise and has the ability to service 20 or more people per day, depending on the circumstances. In general, LCSSs may be found providing services to the following types of facilities:

• The following types of structures: apartment buildings
• Trailer parks
• Schools and religious institutions
• Office and industrial buildings
• Shopping malls
• State parks and campsites
• And other similar structures. Parks for recreational vehicles (RVs)
• Rest spots on highways
• Stations for trains and buses
• Hotels and restaurants
• Casinos
• And other entertainment venues

What is not a large-capacity septic system?

LCSSs are no longer considered to be large capacity septic systems (LCSSs) once they are utilized for anything other than sanitary waste injection into the system. For example, the dumping of industrial waste into an LCSS qualifies it as an industrial waste water disposal well in the United States of America. A motor vehicle waste disposal well is a type of septic system that accepts trash from vehicle repair or maintenance that is disposed of in a landfill. The unchecked passage of toxic substances via these networks may allow them to infiltrate the ground water, where they may damage USDWs.

• Learn more about motor vehicle waste disposal wells by reading this article. Find out more about cesspools with a huge capacity.

Why does EPA regulate large-capacity septic systems?

Underground Injection Control (UIC) programs, which safeguard underground sources of drinking water (USDWs) against contamination caused by injection operations, are required to meet minimal federal criteria under the SDWA, according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (such as placing or discharging waste fluids underground). Construction, operation, and closure of injection wells are all subject to strict control as part of the protection standards. The UIC program is intended to safeguard USDWs while also providing safe and cost-effective methods for industry, towns, and small companies to dispose of their wastewater, recover mineral resources, and store water for the future.

1. Environmental Protection Agency.
2. Preventing the pollution of natural resources safeguards the general population as well as the economic wellbeing of communities across the country.
3. If a state or tribe receives such power, they must comply with the bare minimum federal criteria; but, states and tribes have the option of imposing more restrictive restrictions.
4. An LCSS is a kind of Class V well, and it is classified as such.
5. However, if these systems are installed, operated, or maintained incorrectly, they can have a negative impact on water quality.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has the ability to handle defective systems on an individual basis. As a result, states and local governments may have their own criteria for dealing with these hazards.

What are the minimum federal requirements for large-capacity septic systems?

As long as the wells fulfill the following basic federal standards, the vast majority of Class V wells, including LCSSs, are “approved by regulation.”

• In order to be “approved by regulation,” the vast majority of Class V wells, including LCSSs, must first fulfill the following minimal federal requirements:

The phrase “authorized by regulation” indicates that an individual authorization is not necessary. There may be more strict local, state, or tribal standards controlling these wells than federal regulations in some cases. Consult with your state’s permitting authority to learn more about the LCSS standards in your state. The following items are included in the inventory:

• The name and location of the facility
• Name and address of the proprietor or operator
• The nature and kind of injection well are discussed here. The current state of operations

If the presence of a contaminant in a USDW may cause a violation of any primary drinking water regulation or adversely affect public health, the second minimum federal requirement prohibits injection that allows the movement of fluids containing any contaminants (such as pathogens, solvents, or heavy metals) into the USDW. There are a range of site-specific variables that influence the likelihood of pollutants posing a threat to USDWs, including:

• Solvents
• Hydrogeology
• Wastewater properties
• System design

Therefore, soil should be considered while constructing an LCSS that will only receive sanitary waste, since it is a vital aspect of the overall design of an efficient system. As the septic tank effluent flows through the earth beneath the drain field, it is attenuated by the surrounding environment. Unsaturated soils below the drain field have the potential to attenuate the presence of dissolved organic matter, pathogens, and certain inorganic elements. If the LCSS is correctly built, operated, and maintained, it should not pose a threat to USDWs in most situations.

• Learn more about the minimal federal standards for Class V wells by visiting the following link. Find out who is in charge of granting permits in your state
• And

How is EPA helping to improve the performance of large-capacity septic systems?

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is collaborating with state and local health authorities to ensure that the minimum federal criteria for Class V wells are completed before an LCSS is approved for construction. In addition to training septic system owners and operators, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) offers a comprehensive range of tools and resources to help state and local governments in improving the management and operation of sewage treatment plants. Because of the cooperative partnership between the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), states, and communities, it is possible to guarantee that all LCSSs are managed and controlled at the local level uniformly in a manner that safeguards drinking water sources.

Concrete Septic Tanks Are Probably The Best Option — Build With a Bang

Concrete Septic Tank with a Capacity of 1000 Gallon When it comes to septic systems, whether you’re in the market for a new system or just need a replacement tank, you’ve arrived to the perfect location. As part of our recent investigation into different types of septic systems that are available for your house, we decided that it would be a good idea to also investigate the many types of septic tanks now available on the market. The following are the three most common types of septic tanks that are easily accessible for installation: concrete septic tank with a capacity of 1000 gallons When it comes to septic systems, whether you’re in the market for a new system or just need a replacement tank, you’ve come to the correct spot!

Currently available for installation are three of the most popular types of septic tanks:

Check out these 6 septic systems available for your home.

Nowadays, most concrete septic tanks are sold with a two compartment design, as opposed to the earlier style one compartment tank that was more common previously. Two compartment tanks tend to perform a better job of filtering and separating waste than one compartment tanks, which is why septic experts advocate them over a single compartment tank. All compartments are constructed with access for cleaning and pumping, regardless of the number of compartments in the system. Because it can readily handle most 0-3 bedroom dwellings, a 1000 gallon septic tank is the standard size for domestic applications.

Heavy Duty Options

Many tanks are also available in “high duty” configurations, which generally have a reinforced top and bottom. Purchasing the heavy-duty version may be a wise decision in the case that a vehicle, agricultural equipment, or other large piece of heavy machinery passes over the tank area.

Installation Requirements

Because of the size and weight of concrete septic tanks, they must be installed by a qualified specialist. These tanks are constructed of the hardest materials available, and while they are extremely durable, their installation necessitates the use of enormous, heavy machinery. If the intended or present site of your concrete septic tank does not allow for heavy machinery access, you may want to investigate a fiberglass or plastic (polyethylene) tank. Due to the fact that the majority of concrete tanks are precast, their sizes, weights, and dimensions are all different.

Lifespan and Durability

The method by which the concrete septic tank was constructed will have an impact on its long-term function. High-quality concrete, adequate water sealing, and the use of structural steel goods such as mesh and rebar will provide additional support, strength, and structural integrity to the structure. Keep in mind that concrete septic tanks are more prone to cracking and leaking than their plastic and fiberglass equivalents when exposed to exceptionally cold temperatures and pressures. Most concrete septic tanks have a lifespan of up to 40 years if they are constructed properly and serviced on a regular basis.

1000 Gallon Concrete Septic Tank

Septic tanks of 1000 gallon capacity or larger are the most typical size for household usage, as they can readily fit most 0-3 bedroom dwellings. Size Weight: The weight of each concrete tank is different. Some of the most common 1000 gallon concrete precast tanks are around 5′ 1″ X 8′ 2″ X 5′ 8″ in size and weigh almost 9,000 lbs. Others are approximately 5′ 1″ X 8′ 2″ X 5′ 8″ in size and weigh almost 9,000 lbs. Here are some examples of Jensen Precast projects completed in various cities around the United States.

1250 Gallon Concrete Septic Tank

Generally speaking, a 1250 gallon tank is a good choice for mid-size homes with 3-4 bedrooms. Size and weight: The sizes and weights of all concrete tanks are different. 1250 gallon concrete precast tanks are typically 5′ 9″ x 8′ 6″ x 5’8″ in size, with some of the more common models being 5′ 9″ x 8′ 6″ and others measuring 5′ 8″. The typical weight of a 1250 gallon concrete tank is 11,000 lbs, however this might vary depending on the distributor. Approximately 11 1/2 feet in depth, however this varies according on the distributor, state, and local statutes.

In addition, many of these bigger tank sizes are so massive that rebar and wire mesh are required within the walls and between layers to provide additional strength, stability, and durability.

1500 Gallon Concrete Septic Tank

Generally speaking, a 1500-gallon tank is the most popular size for large homes with five or more bedrooms. Size and weight: The sizes and weights of all concrete tanks are different. The dimensions of some of the most common 1500 gallon concrete precast tanks are around 6′ x 10′ 9″ x 5′ 5″ in length and width. The typical weight of a 1500 gallon concrete tank is 12,000 lbs, which is rather heavy. Approximately 12 feet in depth, however this varies according on the distributor, state, and local statutes.

Inlet Baffles

When installing a septic tank, an inlet baffle should be put on the inlet part closest to the point at which the sewer tank joins from the house structure to the tank. Due to the fact that it prevents scum and oils from blocking the entrance pipe, the inlet baffle is critical to the overall health and effectiveness of the septic system. The intake baffle is a bottle neck that is especially designed to do the following:

• In order to prevent the breakdown process from being disrupted, it is necessary to slow the effluent entering the septic tank. A fast rate of inflow of effluent might cause problems by mistakenly combining the settled solid waste with oils, scum, and effluent. Make sure no sewage gases are allowed to enter the sewer line. These gases have the potential to infiltrate back into a home or structure, generating a foul odor.

Outlet Baffles

Every septic tank should be equipped with an exit baffle that is connected to the discharge line. The outlet baffle functions as a bottle neck in the same way as the inlet baffle, but in the opposite direction. It is meant to:

• Preserving the septic tank by keeping scum, oils, and solid waste contained inside
• It is necessary to prevent the discharge of waste items other than wastewater into the output pipe, drain field, and leach field.

All effluent from the septic tank must be clear of solid waste before it may be discharged. Other than that, the solids and oils will pollute the drain field/leach field and result in backups and pollutants entering the surrounding environment. Ensure that your baffles are correctly built and that they are not in need of repair by consulting with a licensed septic technician before doing anything else. Septic tanks made of fiberglass or polyethylene (polyethelyene) are also a suitable option, especially if your location has specialized environmental requirements.

Mobility

In contrast to concrete septic tanks, which normally need a vehicle equipped with a crane and boom, fiberglass and polyethylene septic tanks are quite simple to transport. Therefore, fiberglass and plastic tanks are frequently employed in places where concrete septic tank delivery vehicles are unable to reach the tanks. The majority of fiberglass and plastic septic tanks weigh roughly 300 pounds or more, however concrete septic tanks can weigh up to 20-30 times as much.

Cost Effectiveness

If you’re seeking for a less expensive alternative to concrete, fiberglass and polyethylene (polyethylene) are excellent choices. The majority of fiberglass and plastic septic tanks are thousands of dollars less expensive than concrete septic systems.

Durability

When compared to a concrete septic tank, both plastic and fiberglass septic tanks have a lower likelihood of breaking. Furthermore, because fiberglass and plastic are nonporous materials, there is typically no problem with tree or bush roots growing into the tank and generating leaks as a result of root damage. Having said that, due to the tank’s smaller profile and lighter material composition, caution must be used during installation because heavy gear might easily harm it. Tanks made of fiberglass or plastic can be destroyed in the same way as concrete tanks can if too much weight is placed on the surface above them.

Despite the fact that plastic and fiberglass tanks are quite resilient, they can nonetheless leak under specific circumstances.

As a result, it’s important to contact with a septic installation specialist before making a final decision on a certain material. The size of the lot, the position of the tank, the amount of ground water, and the weather can all influence the selection.

Float

Plastic and fiberglass have a number of advantages, but they can also be troublesome. Yes, the lightweight character of these materials makes them perfect for installation, but same lightweight nature also results in a high level of buoyancy in the final product. It is possible that during a storm, a plastic or fiberglass tank can get dislodged from its couplings, causing considerable damage to the septic system and the homeowner’s property, with repair costs in the hundreds of dollars. A simple solution is to place a concrete slab on top of the tank to help weigh it down.

If you reside in an area with a high groundwater table, consult with a specialist to ensure that the higher water table will not cause harm to your fiberglass or plastic tank.

Septic Tank & Cesspool Design Strengths & Test Specifications

• Send us a question or make a comment regarding the strength requirements for septic tanks, cesspools, and drywells.

InspectAPedia does not allow any form of conflict of interest. The sponsors, goods, and services described on this website are not affiliated with us in any way. septic tank coversstrength specifications: what are the strong and design criteria for septic tanks and other related buildings such as cesspools, drywells, and the like? On septic tank or cesspool or drywell covers, what are the design loads expressed in pounds per square foot (psf) that are connected with vehicle traffic, soil loading, and other living and dead loads?

For this topic, we also have anARTICLE INDEX available, or you may check the top or bottom of the page.

Septic Tank, Cesspool, Drywell StrengthCover Requirements, specifications, codes

a septic tank, cesspool, or drywall must be structurally sound in order to sustain all loading circumstances, including but not limited to those described below.

• This is referred to as the “surface surcharge” or the weight of the surface cover. Concentrated wheel loads – vertical force from above if the system is to be put in a location where it will be driven over – Keep an eye out: almost every professional source simply states that you should not drive or park over the septic tank or drainfield. As well as driving or parking across sewer lines, consider Lateral loads from soil and Soil Bearing.

Typical top loading strength requirements for concrete septic tanks (which, in our opinion, should also apply to septic tanks, drywells, and cesspools of any construction) range between 500 and 1100 psf or a top load of 2,500 lbs wheel load + soilother loads, with the warning that for systems subject to heavier vehicle loading or other heavy loading, the strength of the entire assembly (top, walls, and bottom) must be adjusted accordingly.

Typical bottom loading strength requirements for concrete s As an additional precaution, reinforced concrete cesspool, drywell, or septic tank covers (such as steel re-bar) are necessary to prevent tensile strength failure and collapse of the covers.

Watch out: Because of their uncertain state, site-built septic tanks, cesspools, and drywells are most likely beyond the scope of engineering calculations and relevant standards.

When it comes to cesspool, septic tank, or drywell construction, dry-laid concrete block or brick construction is particularly prone to unexpected and potentially lethal collapse dangers. This is true regardless of the quality of the reinforced cover that may have been placed over the building.

References for Drive-on Rated Safe Septic Tank Covers

• Typical top loading strength requirements for concrete septic tanks (which, in our opinion, should also apply to septic tanks, drywells, and cesspools of any construction) range between 500 and 1100 psf or a top load of 2,500 lbs wheel load + soilother loads, with the warning that for systems subject to heavier vehicle loading or other heavy loading, the strength of the entire assembly (top, walls, and bottom) must be adjusted accordingly. Typical top loading strength requirements for concrete s As an additional precaution, reinforced concrete cesspool, drywell, and septic tank coverings (such as steel re-bar) are necessary to prevent tensile strength failure and collapse of the cover. Watch out: because of their unknown state, site-built septic tanks, cesspools, and drywells are most likely beyond the scope of engineering calculations and relevant regulations. For example, a cesspool, septic tank, or drywell constructed of dry-laid concrete block or brick may be particularly prone to sudden and devastating collapse dangers, regardless of the strength of the reinforced cover that may have been placed over the building in the first instance.

• For a 2 ft soil cover over the septic tank, the top load (cover loading and load on walls) is calculated as follows: Assuming 300 psf live loads added to 240 psf earth loading, the total necessary strength is 540 psf x 150 percent, or 810 psf required strength. Calculation of septic tank floor load: 715 square feet times 150 percent is 1,073 square feet of needed strength. In order to calculate the needed strength of the septic tank wall, multiply the soil pressure by 1505 to get the required strength of 180 pounds per square foot. Wagner (below) hypothesizes that because floor load is the largest force that may be applied for vacuum testing, 1,073 psf = 14.9″ Hg is the maximum force that can be employed.

• Septic tank sealing against water intrusion as specified by ASTM C 990
• Concrete septic tank reinforcing requirements as specified by ASTM A615 or A706
• The National Precast Concrete Association’s ” TRAFFIC RELATEDTANK DESIGN ” is available from Eric Barger at the National Precast Concrete Association’s office at 1320 City Center Drive, Suite 200 in Carmel, Indiana 46032, USA, phone: (800) 366-7731. 28 July 2010, accessed on 6 June 2017, original source: precast.org/2010/7/traffic-related-tank-design/, retrieved on 6 June 2017
• Dan Wagner, “Fabricating a Watertight Precast Concrete Septic Tank,” Milan Vault Inc.10475 N. Ann Arbor Rd.Milan, MI 48160Phone: 734.439.1538, “Fabricating a Watertight Precast Concrete Septic Tank,” Toll-free number: 1.800.821.0265, website: www.aaa.org The following is the source document: percent 20How percent 20- percent 20Wagner percent 20- percent 2001-13-11.pdf, which was obtained on March 25, 2015.

• Water tightness testing specifications for vacuum testing include the following: 4 “To be approved, the concentration of mercury (Hg) must be maintained at 100 percent for 5 minutes. C 1227-10a (American Society for Testing and Materials)
• ASTM C 1227-10a (American Society for Testing and Materials)
• ASTM C 1227-10a (American Society for Testing and Materials). Assuming two feet of soil cover (of unknown compaction and soil weight), the top loading of a septic tank with a concentrated single wheel load of 2,250 lbs is computed at a live load of 88 lb/sqft using a concentrated single wheel load simulation. Top loading = 325 psf (earth plus live load weight) multiplied by 150 percent equals 488 psf necessary
• Floor loading (500 psf multiplied by 150 percent (safety factor) equals 750 psf required. “Because floor load is the largest load force, it may be utilized for vacuum testing at 750 psf = 10.4” Hg
• Wall loading (220 psf x 150 percent = 330 psf required
• Vacuum testing for wall loads: 330 psf” according to the author “or 4.6 inches of mercury
• 420 lbs/sqft maximum weight loading (this represents earth and live loading, NOT vehicle loading)
• Top weight loading: The assumed weight of the septic tank is 7,000 lbs. Also cited is the 300 psf life load from the ASTM C1227 standard, which was previously discussed.

• Dan Glasgow, Editor, “Design and Specification Guidelines for Low Pressure Sewer Systems,” Technical Advisory Committed for the State of Florida Department of Environmental Regulation, June 1981, retrieved on 3/25/14, original source:
• “Minimum Standards for Design and Construction of Onsite Wastewater Systems,” State of Kansas, Retrieved on 3/25/14, original source:
• “Design and Specification Guidelines for Low Pressure Sewer Systems,” Technical Advisory Committed for the State of Florida Department of Environmental Regulation, June 1981, Bulletin 4-2, March 1997, Bureau of Water—Nonpoint Source Section Forbes Field, Bldg. 283 Topeka, KS 66620 (785) 296-4195. Kansas Department of Health and Environment Bulletin 4-2, March 1997, Bureau of Water—Nonpoint Source Section In collaboration with K-State Research and Extension, this document was recovered on March 25, 2014. The original source is as follows: d. All tanks must have a top that is built and manufactured to withstand a uniform load of 400 pounds per square foot in addition to a 2,500-pound axle load For each foot of soil or portion thereof that is buried deeper than two feet, the tank, particularly the top, must be able to sustain an extra 100 pounds per square foot for each foot of soil or portion thereof that is buried deeper than two feet. “Design Criteria for Septic Tanks and Individual Disposal Systems,” WTS-22 Rev 2002, Nevada, retrieved 3/25/14, retrieved again 2017/06/06, original source:
• University of Minnesota Onsite Sewage Treatment Program, “Section 7: Septic Tanks, Section 7-22 Structural Soundness,” retrieved anew 2017/06/06, original source:
• “Design Criteria for Septic Tanks and Individual Disposal Systems,” WTS-22 Rev 2002 Excerpts: According to Minnesota Rules 7080.1980: A. All precast reinforced concrete sewage tanks must be constructed in accordance with the specifications set out in this section. In the National Precast Concrete Association’s best practices document, Precast Concrete About-site Wastewater Tanks (Precast Concrete On-site Wastewater Tanks), you may find information on tank construction best practices (2005) B. All fiberglass-reinforced polyester and polyethylene tanks must be constructed in accordance with the specifications set forth in this section. Best practices for these tanks may be found in the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials (IAPMO) Standard PS 1-2006: Material and Property Standard for Prefabricated Septic Tanks, which provides information on best practices for these tanks (2006). It is essential that all septic tanks be physically solid in order to avoid collapse. They must be able to endure handling and transportation after manufacture, and they must not be vulnerable to damage during the installation procedure. Tanks must also be capable of withstanding expected soil loads as well as a 2500-pound wheel load, and they must be able to bear both internal and external hydraulic pressure, among other requirements. Whatever the materials used in the manufacture of septic tanks, structural integrity is dependent on adequate design, the use of high-quality materials, the use of suitable manufacturing procedures, and the application of meticulous building techniques. The requirements for all sewage tanks are outlined in Minnesota Rules Chapter 7080.1910
• “Residential Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems Design Handbook,” New York State Department of Health, Bureau of Water Supply Protection (2012), original source:wastewater treatment systems/docs/design handbook.pdf
• “Residential Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems Design Handbook,” New York State Department of Health, Bureau of Water Supply Protection (2012), original source:wastewater treatment systems/doc g/wastewater treatment systems/design handbook.htm or contact your local health department or: Bureau of Water Supply Protection New York State Department of Health Corning Tower, Empire State Plaza Albany, NY 12237 Tel: 518-402-7650
• “COLORADO ONLY – plastic triple-wall Infiltrator brand heavy-duty septic tank kits.”

Reader Question on Cesspool Cover StrengthSafety in the U.K.

Hello, I’ve been reading your Cesspool information on your website and was wondering whether you have a UK version of your site that also gives consultation? – L.H. Middlesex, United Kingdom, March 5, 2014 Reply: I’ve been working on adding variants of wastewater treatment (as well as other InspectApedia topics) to our website for quite some time, and I’d appreciate the opportunity to increase the relevance of our material in the United Kingdom. The majority of the time, I find that the basic structure and functioning principles are the same in all nations, but that we use various names that are unknown to people from other countries.

As a result of our study, we are able to provide names of products and suppliers in the nation of interest, which is a welcome bonus.

Furthermore, even if you were of a more able – shall we say – means, I would be happy to explore certain queries that you may have for me.

Are you searching for assistance with a specific cesspool problem, or is the topic more general in nature?

Reader Reply:

In response to your inquiry, yes, I do have a question that I’d want to see if you could help me with, even if it’s a bit out of the ordinary. I have an exceptionally huge cesspit on my property that serves two homes (19m x 4m), and it is a pit solely with no outlet. It’s brick constructed and was placed in the early 1970s; it has two chambers that run back to back; and it has a concrete cover that covers the whole length and breadth of the tank, with two cast iron lids for emptying in the center that span the length and width of the tank.

1. It is also maintained and emptied on an annual basis, with the emptying business noting that it is in good working order.
2. I inherited it along with my house from my grandfather, who used to drive over it with a tiny car to get to his garage back when the pit was still covered by a grass.
3. This was completed some years later.
4. At the time, he had an extra piece of land to the side, which he used for the driveway; however, this land has now been removed, and as a result, the above has occurred.
5. A 6″ thick concrete lid spans the length of the structure, which is then further topped with crushed concrete and shingle, making the cover approximately 12″ thick in total.

Could you kindly comment if you would consider this to be the sort of cess that was built for driving over and whether you would consider it to be in good condition? – L.H. on March 25, 2014

Reply: warnings about driving over the cesspool

Keep an eye out: driving over a cesspool increases the chance of a rapid collapse, which might result in death or serious harm.

• It is impossible for anyone with any sense to guarantee the safety of your system since there are too many unknowns. Listed below are some of the factors that are immediately obvious from your message: We have a cesspool and cover that were manufactured at home with unknown components, strength, and design
• The fact that the system has been driven over in the past by a small vehicle does not imply that the cesspool and its cover are inherently dangerous. The fact that you’ve driven over it in the past may have weakened or harmed the structure. Because it encourages greater traffic, including heavier vehicles, over the existing cesspool, the provision of a new defined access over the old cesspool raises the chance of an unexpected collapse. I’ll paraphrase from the piece above:

In general, top loading strength requirements for concrete septic tanks (which, in our opinion, should be applied to all septic tanks, drywells, and cesspools of any construction) range between 500 and 1100 psf, with the caveat that for systems subjected to heavier vehicle or other heavy loading, the overall strength of the entire assembly (top, walls, and bottom) must be adjusted accordingly. As an additional precaution, reinforced concrete cesspool, drywell, or septic tank covers (such as steel re-bar) are necessary to prevent tensile strength failure and collapse of the covers.

1. Keep an eye out for: Because of their uncertain state, site-built septic tanks, cesspools, and drywells are most likely beyond the scope of engineering calculations and relevant standards.
2. This is true regardless of the quality of the reinforced cover that may have been placed over the building.
3. The installation of a vehicle-safe cover over the system may be viable in some circumstances if the remainder of the structure is capable of supporting all of the stresses involved.
4. Keep people away from it until the state of the structure has been determined or until required repairs or modifications have been done.
5. Even if you believe the likelihood of your system collapsing is minimal, the consequences of failing to do so might be much too severe to risk.
6. Alternatively, seeDRIVING OR PARKING OVER SEPTIC SEPTIC TANK COVERS.

Key DrywellCesspool Articles

• The typical top loading strength requirements for concrete septic tanks (which, in our opinion, should also apply to septic tanks, drywells, and cesspools of any construction) range between 500 and 1100 psf, with the warning that for systems subjected to heavier vehicle loading or other heavy loading, the strength of the entire assembly (top, walls, and bottom) must be adjusted in accordance with the situation. As an additional precaution, reinforced concrete cesspool, drywell, and septic tank coverings (such as steel re-bar) are necessary to prevent tensile strength failure and collapse of the cover. Attention, please: Because of the uncertain state of site-built septic tanks, cesspools, and drywells, they are most likely beyond the scope of engineering calculations and relevant regulations. For example, a cesspool, septic tank, or drywell constructed of dry-laid concrete block or brick may be particularly prone to sudden and devastating collapse dangers, regardless of the strength of the reinforced cover that may have been placed over the building in the first instance. Stay away from the cesspool completely until it has been dug and its structure and strength have been examined. This is my recommendation. If the remainder of the structure is capable of supporting all of the stresses involved, it may be viable to construct a vehicle-safe cover over the system. I would not even attempt to cross the system until after the election. Please keep people away from it until the state of the structure has been determined or until required repairs or modifications have been done. Because of my experience consulting in several cesspool and septic tank disasters that resulted in fatalities, I may come off as fearful old lady (SEPTIC TANK ACCIDENT REPORTS). It doesn’t matter whether you believe the likelihood of your system collapsing is minimal
• The consequences of failing to do so might be far too severe. Continue reading at SEPTIC TANK DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS. Or you may browse the completeARTICLE INDEX, or choose a topic from the articles that are closely linked to yours. Alternatively, see DRIVING OR PARKING OVER SEPTIC TANK COVERS. Alternatively, have a look at

• DRYWELL SAFETY CONCERNS
• ARE DRYWELLS ACTUALLY DRY
• DRYWELL / SEEPAGE PIT SPECIFICATIONS
• DRYWELL / SEEPAGE PIT CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
• DRYWELL / SEEPAGE PIT COLLAPSE OR FAILURE
• DRYWELL / SEEPAGE

• System for greywater
• SEEPAGE PITS
• SEPTIC TANKS-for-the-house

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INDEX to RELATED ARTICLES:ARTICLE INDEX to SEPTIC SYSTEMS

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What Precasters Need to Know about High-Strength Wastewater

Dr. Sara Heger of the University of Minnesota contributed to this article. The presence of high-strength effluent has been found as a contributing factor to the premature failure of on-site sewage treatment facilities. Because there is such a wide range of failure types, it is critical for precast concrete makers to understand what causes these issues and what choices are available to resolve these problems. What is high-strength wastewater, and why is it important? Highly concentrated wastewater (HCW) can be described in a variety of ways, depending on the jurisdiction.

Having said that, there is a great deal of variety in the forms of HSW.

1. Light HSW– Facilities that are primarily used for toilet flushing likely to have increased BOD5 and TSS (by 2 to 3 times the level in a residential setting). Those facilities that have commercial kitchens have higher BOD5, TSS, and O G (by 4-10 times the levels found in residential buildings). High HSW– Industrial facilities with extremely high BOD5, TSS, and perhaps O G loads (ten times or more the residential load)

The presence of light HSW is associated with higher BOD5 and TSS (by 2 to 3 times the level found in residential facilities). Those facilities that have commercial kitchens had increased BOD5, TSS, and O G (by 4-10 times the levels found in residential facilities); Extremely high HSW– industrial establishments with extremely high BOD5, TSS, and perhaps O G loads (10 times or more than residential);

Treatment options for HSW

For HSW with high levels of O G, such as those involved in food or animal processing, grease traps and interceptors are beneficial. A grease interceptor should be installed and maintained in all kitchen facilities. Second, wherever feasible, the external grease traps should collect just the kitchen wastewater and transfer it to the downstream septic tanks, whilst the toilet and other wastewater should be sent directly into the septic tank rather than through the external grease trap. On the building sewer, a cleanout should be installed outside the structure to allow for line cleaning to take place.

1. Greater and smaller tanks are preferable for cooling if the amount of fat and grease present is high, as there is more surface area contact with the cold earth around several smaller tanks than there is with a single large tank.
2. If deep fryers are discharged into the sewers or if excessive disinfectants are utilized in the facility, the installation of a grease trap is not a guarantee of success.
3. Grease removers and septic tank degreasers should also not be disposed of in the same container because they might induce emulsification of the tanks and enable grease to migrate downstream into the treatment system.
4. Recent advancements in microprocessor-based ultrasonic technology can aid in the continuous monitoring of grease, sludge, liquid level, and temperature in tanks, as well as alerting the tank owner when it is time to pump the tank.
5. Septic tanks for commercial applications should have longer hydraulic retention durations than residential tanks.
6. (2016).
7. iiThe septic tank treats the influent in an anaerobic manner (there is no free oxygen present).

Tank sizing must also take into account the frequency with which particles are removed, as well as the size of the pump trucks available.

In most cases, unless the system is heading into a secondary treatment unit, effluent filters should be put on the final tank in a series.

Surface access is necessary to service the tanks and effluent filter, and they must be protected from the elements.

It is necessary to take them into consideration in commercial systems when effluent is piped from one system component to another.

Flow equalization is the process of storing peak flows so that they can be given consistently over a long period of time in the future.

This requires that the tank be large enough to accommodate these flows, and that pump operation be regulated by a timer as opposed to a float in order to achieve this goal successfully.

The additional treatment is intended to provide an aerobic habitat for the bacteria (with free oxygen).

In addition to the grease trap and/or septic tanks, secondary treatment is employed to reduce the wastewater’s oxygen demand at the soil treatment area to values that are comparable to or lower than those seen in residential wastewater.

An RMF commonly employs coarse sand or gravel, foam, or textile medium for the treatment of HSW.

Recirculation dilutes the wastewater strength by mixing the effluent that has passed through the filter with septic tank effluent that has passed through the filter.

Tanks or lined excavations can be used to create them, or they can be produced in waterproof shipping containers.

It is known as the activated sludge treatment technique that aerobic treatment units (ATUs) treat wastewater by actively adding air to it in order to break down organic matter, eliminate pathogens, and change nutrients in the effluent.

The treatment of effluent in an ATU differs from that of typical septic tanks in terms of both the pace of treatment and the quality of treatment.

In most cases, they are mounted in a tank and are equipped with a blower, compressor, or aspirator that supplies air to the system.

Aerobic treatment systems may be built to handle a wide range of high-strong HSW and can successfully decrease BOD 5, TSS, and O G to concentrations that are comparable to or even cleaner than residential waste strength.

Designing an HSW system only on the basis of flow rates might result in problems downstream. Whenever a precast tank provider is asked to develop tanks for an HSW system, they should make the following recommendations:

1. Design flow should be requested. Inquire about the trash source. Inquire as to whether samples for BOD5, TSS, and FOG can be collected from an existing facility, or whether data from a comparable facility is available
2. And assisting the designer or engineer in identifying the appropriate size of the grease interceptor and septic tank in order to lessen the strain on downstream components Some waste streams may require extra treatment procedures before they can be sent to the soil distribution field, and tanks alone may not be adequate pretreatment prior to delivering them to the soil distribution field.

Design flow is requested. Find out where the garbage is coming from. Ascertain whether samples for BOD5, TSS, and FOG can be collected from an existing facility, or whether data from a similar facility is available. Involvement in the design and engineering of grease interceptors and septic tanks in order to lessen the loading on downstream components. Some waste streams may require further treatment processes before they can be sent to the soil distribution field, and tanks alone may not be adequate pretreatment prior to transferring them to the soil distribution field;

1. Subsurface Sewage Treatment System Standards: Chapters 7080 – 7083 of the Minnesota Administrative Code. the Water Quality Division of the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency in St. Paul, MN

Septic Tanks and Components

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Septic Tanks

Coon Manufacturing’s polyethylene septic tanks are manufactured utilizing rotational molding technique, which results in seamless, one-piece components. They are chemically robust and have a long useful life. They have ribs and are available in three sizes: 500-, 1,000-, and 1,500-gallon, with the two larger sizes available in either one or two compartments. They are made of plastic and have ribs. In order to handle varying degrees of terrain, optional manhole extensions and lid/riser combinations are offered.

Concrete tank with anti-floatation collar

Crest Precast concrete septic tanks are designed with an anti-flotation collar cast into the tank foundation to protect septic, pump, and holding tanks from floatation in high-water locations. This collar removes the need for tie-down blocks for ballast blocks on the boat. 800/658-9045;.

Two-piece plastic tank

The two-piece design of the IM-1060 septic tank from Infiltrator Systems makes shipping and handling simple, as well as lowering freight costs. A heavy-duty lid that is inherent to the unit and links to the TW Riser System, as well as structurally reinforced access ports, reinforced structural ribbing, and fiberglass support posts, give extra strength. Lifting lugs inboard make transport and handling a breeze, and there are no extra installation processes, backfilling, or water-filling operations to do.

800/221-4436;.

Large-capacity in-ground tank

The two-piece design of the Infiltrator Systems IM-1060 septic tank makes shipping and handling simple, as well as lowering freight costs. An integrating heavy-duty lid that links with the TW Riser System, structurally reinforced access ports, reinforced structural ribs, and fiberglass support posts all contribute to the overall strength of the structure. Lifting lugs inboard make transport and handling a breeze, and there are no specific installation processes, backfilling, or water-filling procedures to follow.

800/221-4436;.

Polyethylene water tank

The two-piece design of the Infiltrator Systems IM-1060 septic tank makes shipping and handling simple, while also lowering freight costs. It includes an incorporated heavy-duty lid that attaches to the TW Riser System, as well as structurally reinforced access ports, reinforced structural ribbing, and fiberglass support posts to offer extra strength.

Inboard lifting lugs make shipping and handling simple, and no extra installation, backfill, or water-filling processes are necessary. The tank may be built with a lid ranging from 6 to 48 inches in height, and it can be pumped completely dry. 800/221-4436;.

Versatile tank

The MultiTank from Roth Global Plastics may be used for a variety of purposes including water cisterns, pumps, holding tanks, rainwater collection, and septic tanks. This is made feasible by the fact that it has an inside layer of FDA-approved virgin HDPE, two inside layers of polyethylene for increased stability, and an exterior layer of black and UV-stabilized polyethylene on the outside. CSA, NSF, and IAPMO certifications are included, as is a COEX-4 multilayer co-extrusion process, a low-profile design that allows for less digging and the avoidance of a high-water table, lightweight construction, a multi-port inlet/outlet convenient for field piping, the ability to enter and exit the tank on the ends or sides, two 24-inch manways to allow for easy maintenance and service, a cylindrical shape that requires no water for backfill, 866/943-7256;.

Low-profile septic tank

Low-profile Snyder Industries’ Dominator septic tanks may be buried without the need for water to provide ballast and strength, and they can be backfilled with native soils as long as those soils are clear of rubbish and free-flowing, according to the company. They can also be used as holding tanks, and pump tank variants of these tanks are also available for purchase. They are constructed as a single piece, with no seams that may leak or break structurally after installation. They are available in a variety of sizes, including 750-, 1,000-, 1,250-, and 1,500-gallon tanks with one or two compartments.

They are offered in two different sizes: 1,200-gallon and 1,700-gallon.

Spherical concrete septic tank

Its enormous surface-to-volume ratio, load capacity, and compressive strength make the Turtle Tank spherical concrete septic tank an excellent choice for a variety of applications. It has the smallest wall thickness permitted by regulatory requirements and uses the least amount of steel possible, thanks to the arched shell design, which converts tensile pressures into compressive forces when the shell is compressed. If a two-stage tank is necessary, it can be equipped with a divider. It is made up of two bell-shaped parts that are joined together using butyl rope and cement to form a solid structure.

Fittings for the inlet and output can be slightly adjusted to meet provincial or state standards.

There is just one clean-out required, and it is accessible from both the input and the outflow of the system.

Septic Tank Forms

Norwalk Precast Molds’ Hydra-Strip septic tank molds combine heavy-gauge material with the company’s Hydra-Strip technology to create a durable septic tank. The hydraulic operation, in conjunction with mechanically connected elements, ensures that the mold is stripped smoothly and without jamming.

Molds are available in a variety of sizes and configurations, and they may be customized to satisfy the requirements of any state, local, or provincial regulatory body. 800/251-8409;.

Concrete septic tank form

The Shaddix Company’s air-release septic tank forms produce concrete tanks with the required capacity, sufficient strength to support the weight of the concrete without bowing, smooth internal skins free of pits, properly placed inlets and outlets, and clamps that hold firmly during the pouring operation. It takes only a few seconds to assemble and disassemble them, thanks to a fast blast of air separating the inner core from the exterior shape. They can be handled in a safe manner. 256/338-4987;.

Risers

The Shaddix Company’s air-release septic tank forms produce concrete tanks with the required capacity, sufficient strength to support the weight of the concrete without bowing, slick internal skins free of pits, properly placed inlets and outlets, and clamps that hold firmly during the pouring process. A short spurt of air separates the inner core from the exterior shape, making them extremely rapid to build up and take down as well. Despite their size, they are manageable. 256/338-4987;.

Septic safety lid riser

Tuf-Tite septic tank lid risers are designed with inside supports or ledges to support the internal plastic safety lids of septic tanks. The ledges will be used to hold the company’s plastic interior safety lids as well as a number of other internal safety devices, such as concrete, fiberglass, or rope netting, manufactured by third parties. In addition to safety screws, the riser lids are supplied with all of the essential mounting hardware. 800/382-7009;.

Lids

Barrier-r septic tank lids from BrenLin Company produce a solid seal between the septic tank and the riser, preventing water from infiltrating between the riser and the tank and preventing odors from escaping. They are composed of robust materials, with a length ranging from 12 to 42 inches, and may be customised with the corporate details of a service provider. Increasing need for larger risers to handle modern technological equipment has resulted in the 42-inch lid being introduced. 888/606-1998;.

Polyethylene septic tank cover

Hedstrom Plastics manufactures polyethylene septic tank covers that are designed to suit standard 18- and 24-inch double-wall corrugated tubing. There are gaskets and safety hardware incorporated, as well as a safety net option available. Covers can be filled with sand on the job site to give them more weight. On request, foam-filled lids can be made available. Covers can be personalized with the name of the service provider’s firm and are also available with a tank adapter attached. 888/434-5891;.

Lightweight fiberglass riser lid

The Orenco Systems DuraFiber riser lid, which is made of solid fiberglass and features a flat-style lip for PVC and HDPE tubing, is 24 inches in diameter. It weighs only ten pounds, yet it is resistant to harm from lawn equipment and can take a weight of 20,000 pounds without breaking. A cored centering ring helps to line and tightly fit the lid to the riser, and a urethane gasket aids in maintaining a watertight seal between the lid and the riser. It may be installed flat to the ground because of its design.

There are three different designs of Landscape Lids to choose from: grass, river rock, and bark. Each pattern is meant to fit in with its environment. 800/348-9843;.

24-inch septic lid

The RotoSolutions Inc. 24-inch septic lid is composed of heavy-duty, rotomolded plastic and has a weight rating of 3,500 pounds, making it ideal for septic tanks. 800/868-0973;.

Locking riser lid

Locking riser lids from Sim/Tech Filter are primarily intended for use on systems that get a lot of traffic. As opposed to traditional screw-based locking systems, a six-point locking web is employed, which is engaged and disengaged with the use of a push-release tool. The web locks and keeps the lid in place in the same action as the web locks and retains the lid. The cover removes the issues of missing screws and worn-out screw holes that were previously present. It is also quick and simple to get to the tank, and little children will not be able to remove it.

888/999-3290;.

Nonskid, fiberglass septic riser cover

It is intended to suit most 24-inch-diameter risers and corrugated pipe, and it is available in kelp green to match the color of the septic tank. The lid is made of noncorrosive material and can resist a wheel weight of 2,500 pounds. The waterproof and gastight seal provided by the built-in lid gasket is quite effective. Bolt holes have been predrilled to make installation a breeze. Hardware made of stainless steel is provided. 800/354-4534;.

Filters and Components

The Bear Onsite ML2-416 effluent filter features various stages of filtration integrated into a single cartridge, which allows it to clean up the effluent discharged from a septic tank while maintaining appropriate gas flow into and out of the tank. An initial screen with 30 linear feet of vertical 1/7-inch apertures and another 4 linear feet of 3/16-inch openings is used first, followed by a fixed secondary screen that uses polarization and has 100 linear feet of horizontal 1/16-inch openings, which is then used last.

Additionally, the cartridge creates a large flow-path below the water level, allowing a high percentage of solids to reach terminal velocity and fall back into the tank.

Effluent screening device

Preventing early blockage and failure of absorption areas and system functions owing to the discharge of non-settleable solids and/or nondegradable flushed materials is the goal of SaniTee effluent screening filters from Bio-Microbics. Their keyhole weirs, which are installed directly in the tank’s outlet tee, ensure consistent flow despite surges, and their angled slots resist blinding and clogging inside the filter housing better than bar and mesh-type screens. They are available in a variety of sizes to screen flows ranging from 500 to more than 20,000 gpd, and they help to extend the life of the system by preventing floatables, large amounts of FOG, and/or solids from leaving the tank.

They also help to reduce clogging material and improve flow conditions. Their simple slip-in installation design, as well as swabbing for clean-in-place maintenance, make it simple to keep them in good condition. 800/753-3278;.

Effluent filter

Designed for residential applications with a maximum flow rate of less than 1,500 gallons per day, the WW1 Effluent Filter from Clarus Environmental is employed. It is equipped with a screen that stays in the output tee while the real cartridge is removed for maintenance. Solids are kept in the tank and out of the drainfield by using this bypass protection. In addition to providing 132 linear feet of 1/16-inch filtration, the pleated form of the filter facilitates top-down filtration, which results in longer service intervals.

In order to guarantee that all effluent travels through the filter rather than around it, a rubber gasket is used, which fits into standard 4-inch outlet tees.

800/928-7867;.

Vented pump enclosure

Heat dissipation and the extension of the life of the air pumps are achieved by the use of the High Vent Air Pump Enclosure from Polylok, which measures 24 inches long by 15 inches high and has an air vent (independently certified at 330 cfm) on a 24-inch flat cover with mesh air inlets. With a green tint that fits well with the surroundings, its UV-protected weather-resistant shell is suitable for use both above and below grade in new and retrofit installations. Accessories include risers that may be adjusted in height to accommodate a wide range of applications, as well as an extensive variety of air pumps ranging from 1.41 to 5.29 cfm.

Submersible pump filter

Heat dissipation and the extension of the life of the air pumps are achieved by the use of the High Vent Air Pump Enclosure from Polylok, which measures 24 inches long by 15 inches high and includes an air vent (independently certified at 330 cfm) on a 24-inch flat cover with mesh air inlets. With a green tint that integrates with the surrounding environment, its UV-protected weather-resistant enclosure is suitable for use both above and below grade in new and retrofit installations. In addition to risers that may be adjusted to accommodate a variety of applications, a comprehensive line of air pumps is available, with flow rates ranging from 1.41 to 5.29 cfm.