A concrete lid protects your sewage tank from odors and sewage seeping into the earth. The lid must be removed every five years to have the septic system emptied and the tank disinfected. When concrete septic tank covers acquire cracks or other deterioration, they must be replaced.
- Also, over time, septic tank lids may suffer damages, requiring a replacement. A weak seal around the lid may allow septic odors to escape and, worse, allow foreign objects into the tank. This may cause clogs or flooding within.
Can you replace the lid on a septic tank?
Concrete septic tank covers require replacement when they develop cracks or other damage. These can be purchased online or at a home improvement store near you. Many septic tanks have risers so the lid is visible above ground.
How do you secure a septic tank lid?
Keep the lids secure by repairing or replacing all damaged or missing parts. Use bolts, screws, or other locks to secure the lids and prevent easy access. Never drive or park vehicles on top of septic systems – it can damage or dislodge the cover.
What causes a septic tank lid to collapse?
Once a tank is emptied of water, it is much more prone to collapse. That is because the pressure of the surrounding soil is no longer counter-acted by the water inside the tank. Regular maintenance and proper user behaviors will keep your septic tank working properly for years without major issues.
Should a septic tank lid be sealed?
Like wells, septic systems have problems if they are not sealed from outside surface water. Most septic systems rely on buried pipes to get rid of the fluids. The lid covers should fit tightly — if they don’t, a company that specializes in septic repairs should be called to fix them.
How many lids does septic tank have?
A septic tank installed before 1975 will have a single 24-inch concrete lid in the center of the rectangle. A two-compartment tank installed after 1975 will have two lids of either fiberglass or polyethylene, centered at opposite ends of the rectangle.
How many lids should a concrete septic tank have?
Two or three lids may be included in your system. The average size of a sewage tank is approximately 5 feet by 8 feet. The lid is buried between 4 inches and 4 feet underground in most cases.
How far apart are septic tank lids?
The distance between lids will be different for each sized tank: 1000 gallon tank = 6-6.5 ft.; 1250 gallon = 7-7.5 ft.; 1500 gallon = 8.5-9 ft.. Dig up the outlet chamber access lid. If you are extraordinarily lucky, the as-built drawing is accurate and you have hit the lids spot on.
How can you tell if a septic tank collapse?
Here are the signs your septic system’s got an issue and it’s time to call in the pros.
- Water (or sewage) is backing up inside your home.
- Green, spongy grass around your septic tank.
- You’ve got trees or shrubs near your system.
- Water’s pooling in your yard.
- A rotten egg smell.
- Slow drains.
Does homeowners insurance cover septic tank collapse?
Yes, your septic tank is considered part of your home and would be covered by the dwelling coverage portion of your home insurance in the event that it is suddenly damaged.
Do concrete septic tanks collapse?
However, no matter how well-built, septic tank problems do occur. Issues may arise in older septic systems, but tanks can also fail prematurely and collapse for several reasons. Above-ground pressure– Placing too much weight over your septic tanks is never advisable, as they’re not designed to be load-bearing.
Can a lot of rain cause septic problems?
It is common to have a septic back up after or even during a heavy rain. Significant rainfall can quickly flood the ground around the soil absorption area (drainfield) leaving it saturated, making it impossible for water to flow out of your septic system.
Why is my septic tank always full?
An overfilled septic tank is often a signal that your drain field is malfunctioning. The drain field is the final fixture in the septic system and serves the purpose of returning treated effluent back into the soil.
What is used to seal a septic tank lid?
Sullivan, excavate the soil from the entire lid of the septic tank, and caulk all areas where the gasses can escape. I use 100% silicone seal to seal the risers to the septic tank.
Septic Tank Lid Safety
Setup by Yourself Installing your own septic tank is permitted under Texas law. Certain systems, on the other hand, cannot be offered to individual property owners; instead, they must be marketed through manufacturer agents. An aseptic tank is a system that is used to dispose of sewage in a safe and proper manner. Most states require septic tank technicians to be licensed or qualified, and most homeowners are required to get a permit before completing the installation. To this end, the issue arises as to how much acreage is required in Texas in order to install a septic system.
So, what is the cost of installing a septic system in Texas in this manner.
In Texas, when you use SortFix to find a septic tank installation contractor, you know that you can expect to pay between $4,254 and $6,182, depending on the company you choose.
Texas has certain requirements for septic systems.
Texas has mandated that this maintenance program be implemented, and it is not voluntary.
- Understand where the lids or coverings for your septic system are situated
- Check the condition of the lids on a regular basis for any risks or difficulties. Maintain the integrity of the lids by repairing or replacing any broken or missing pieces
- Bolts, screws, or other locks can be used to fasten the lids and prevent unauthorized entry. Never drive or park a vehicle on top of a septic system since this might cause damage or dislodge the lid. When examining or having your septic system pumped, never leave the lid open while you are working on it. After you’ve finished working on your septic system, check to see that the lids are securely fastened. Children should be taught that septic tank lids should not be played with or opened.
Owners of septic systems are responsible for ensuring that their systems are safe and correctly function, which includes keeping the tanks’ lids securely closed at all times.
Finding Your Septic System
If you are unable to locate the septic tank’s entrance, you should call your local health department. Most likely, they’ve given permits for the system, which may have included a map showing where the septic tank is located. The local health agency may not have a record of the tank; if this is the case, consult with a professional septic system firm, which has expertise discovering difficult-to-find tanks. Furthermore, because many systems are totally underground, it is possible that your system will not have lids at the surface.
More Resources
- Septic System 101: The Fundamentals of Septic Systems
- Taking Good Care of Your Septic System
- A video on how to inspect your septic system yourself
- Using the Services of a Septic System Professional
- Symptoms of a Failing Septic System
Signs of Septic System Failure
- Flooding is occurring in the home as a result of backed up water and sewage from toilets, drains, and sinks Bathtubs, showers, and sinks all drain at a snail’s pace
- The plumbing system is making gurgling sounds. The presence of standing water or moist patches near the septic tank or drainfield
- Noxious smells emanating from the septic tank or drainfield
- Even in the midst of a drought, bright green, spongy luxuriant grass should cover the septic tank or drainfield. Algal blooms in the vicinity of ponds or lakes In certain water wells, there are high quantities of nitrates or coliform bacteria.
Septic systems, like the majority of other components of your house, require regular maintenance. As long as it is properly maintained, the septic system should give years of dependable service. If the septic system is not properly maintained, owners face the risk of having a dangerous and expensive failure on their hands. Septic systems, on the other hand, have a limited operating lifespan and will ultimately need to be replaced. Septic systems that have failed or are not working properly pose a threat to human and animal health and can damage the environment.
It is possible that a prompt response will save the property owner money in repair costs, as well as disease and bad influence on the environment in the future.
What happens when a septic system fails?
When a septic system fails, untreated sewage is dumped into the environment and carried to places where it shouldn’t be. This may cause sewage to rise to the surface of the ground around the tank or drainfield, or it may cause sewage to back up in the pipes of the structure. It is also possible that sewage will make its way into groundwater, surface water, or marine water without our knowledge. Pathogens and other potentially harmful substances are carried by the sewage. People and animals can become ill as a result of exposure to certain diseases and pollutants.
What are some common reasons a septic system doesn’t work properly?
The pipe between the home to the tank is obstructed. When this occurs, drains drain very slowly (perhaps much more slowly on lower floors of the structure) or cease draining entirely, depending on the situation. This is frequently a straightforward issue to resolve. The majority of the time, a service provider can “snake the line” and unclog the problem. Keeping your drains clear by flushing only human waste and toilet paper down the drain and having your system examined on an annual basis will help prevent clogs.
- Plant roots might occasionally obstruct the pipe (particularly on older systems).
- The inlet baffle to the tank is obstructed.
- In case you have access to your intake baffle aperture, you may see if there is a blockage by inspecting it.
- It is essential that you avoid damaging any of the septic system’s components.
- Avoid clogging your inlet baffle by just flushing human waste and toilet paper, and get your system examined once a year to ensure that it is in good working order.
- This may result in sewage backing up into the residence or surfacing near the septic tank as a result of the situation.
- If there is an effluent filter, it has to be cleaned or changed as necessary.
Preventing this sort of problem from occurring is as simple as cleaning your effluent filter (if you have one) and getting your system examined once per year.
It is possible for sewage to back up into the residence when the drainfield collapses or becomes saturated with water.
Additionally, smells may be present around the tank or drainfield.
It is possible that the system was run incorrectly, resulting in an excessive amount of solid material making its way to the drainfield and causing it to fail prematurely.
While it is conceivable that a drainfield will get saturated due to excessive quantities of water (either from enormous volumes of water flowing down the drain or flooding the drainfield), it is not always viable to dry out and restore a drainfield.
A connection to the public sewer system should be explored if the drainfield has failed and it is possible to make the connection.
It will be necessary to replace the existing drainfield if this does not take place. It is possible for a septic system to fail or malfunction for various reasons. Septic professionals should be contacted if your system isn’t functioning correctly.
How can I prevent a failure?
The proper operation of your septic system, together with routine maintenance, can help it last a long and trouble-free life. Assuming that your septic system has been correctly planned, located, and installed, the rest is up to you to take care of. Inspect your system once a year and pump as necessary (usually every 3-5 years). Avoid overusing water, and be mindful of what you flush down the toilet and what you flush down the drain. Learn more about how to properly maintain your septic system.
Can my failing septic system contaminate the water?
Yes, a failed septic system has the potential to pollute well water as well as adjacent water sources. Untreated wastewater is a health problem that has the potential to cause a variety of human ailments. Once this untreated wastewater enters the groundwater, it has the potential to poison your well and the wells of your neighbors. It is possible that oyster beds and recreational swimming sites will be affected if the sewage reaches local streams or water bodies.
Is there financial help for failing systems or repairs?
Yes, there are instances where this is true. Here are a few such alternatives.
- In addition, Craft3 is a local nonprofit financial organization that provides loans in many counties. Municipal Health Departments- Some local health departments provide low-interest loan and grant programs to qualified applicants. A federal home repair program for people who qualify is offered by the USDA.
More Resources
- Septic System 101: The Fundamentals of Septic Systems
- Taking Good Care of Your Septic System
- A video on how to inspect your septic system yourself
- Using the Services of a Septic System Professional
- Safety of the Septic Tank Lid
Sanitary Tee and Filter Statesville, NC
In this video, you will learn the fundamentals of septic systems. What You Should Know About Maintaining Your Septic System A video on how to inspect your septic system on your own Using the Services of a Septic System Expert; Safety of the Septic Tank Lid
The Inlet Tee
Using an intake tee, you can guide the flow of wastewater into your septic tank while also preventing the scum layer in the tank from being disturbed. It can also assist in preventing sediments from backing up toward the home in the case of an aseptic system backup. In most circumstances, the absence of an inlet tee has little effect on the general workability of the system, although it is highly beneficial to have one present. In our location, inlet tees and baffles are not a needed component by the Environmental Health Department.
The Outlet Tee
A needed and extremely crucial component of your septic system, the outlet tee or baffle must be installed. It is required in order for your system to perform correctly and to be compliant with applicable regulations. Designed to guide effluent (wastewater) flow from the tank to the drain field, the outlet tee prevents scum layer from escaping directly into the outlet pipe, creating drain field obstructions and system failure before it has a chance to occur. Tissue Tees are an inexpensive and straightforward fix that may save homeowners a considerable amount of money.
EFFLUENT FILTER
Septic Tank Effluent Filters reduce the amount of particulates in your septic tank’s effluent, extending the life of your system. Effluent filters are intended to extend the life of your drain field by keeping particles from exiting the septic tank during the draining process. These filters are capable of operating successfully for several years or more before they must be removed and cleaned. Clean the device every time the tank is pumped, or at the very least once every three years, according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.
Continue to use it! Septic tanks operate by enabling waste to separate into three layers: the first, the second, and the third.
- A sludge (solid waste)
- An effluent (wastewater)
- A scum (solid fats, oils, grease, and other substances)
Solids drop to the bottom of the tank and congeal to produce sludge, where microorganisms breakdown the solids. The scum, which is made up of trash that is lighter than water, rises to the surface. In the drainage field, the middle layer of effluent leaves the tank and goes through an underground network of perforated pipes to the drainage field. Gravel and dirt operate as biological filters, allowing wastewater to be purified as it sinks into the earth. Keep the outlet effluent filter in place since it is required by your state’s health law.
- Waste particles may flow through the filter and block the drain field if it were not installed.
- Your filter, on the other hand, should not require cleaning every six months.
- You may be flushing filter-clogging things down the drain, such as grease, fat, or food scraps, if your filter is needing to be cleaned more frequently.
- A garbage disposal will not be able to break down food particles sufficiently to allow them to flow through the septic tank filtration system.
- Plastic materials, disposable diapers, paper towels, non-biodegradable items, and cigarettes will clog the system if they are flushed down the toilet.
- An vital function in the septic system is played by the tee or baffle.
- Of course, such scents might also be indicative of a malfunctioning drain field, necessitating additional investigation.
If the outlet tee is lost, it should be replaced, but you should also anticipate that the drainfield’s useful life will be significantly decreased in the future.
Tees and baffles that have been in use for a long period of time typically degrade.
The inlet sanitary tee is installed between the house sewer and the tank.
Tees that are now in use improve on the first purpose by including effluent filters to prevent big floating particulates or debris from entering the downstream flow.
Even while your septic tank is a crucial component of your septic system, your sanitary trough plays an even more critical function – in fact, missing sanitary troughs have been known to cause catastrophic harm to septic systems.
In simple terms, it is a mechanism that controls the flow of wastewater into and out of your septic tank.
Using an intake tee, you can guide the flow of wastewater into your septic tank while also preventing the scum layer in the tank from being disturbed.
By directing effluent from the tank to the drain field, this baffle prevents scum layer from escaping directly into the outlet pipe, resulting in drain field blockages and system failure before it has a chance to occur.
This can only be determined by peering inside the tank, and in certain circumstances, the tank must first be pumped in order to be able to see what is within.
If a tee is missing but isn’t sitting at the bottom of the tank, it’s reasonable to assume that it was never put in the first instance.
If you have a septic tank that is pumped on a regular basis, the pumping specialist should be inspecting the baffles. Sanitary tees can be replaced and installed by Lentz Wastewater.
Dept of Health – Carroll County Health Department
Detailed profiles for each On-site Sewage Discharge System (OSDS). There are no public sewer systems in many parts of Carroll County, which means that domestic garbage must be hauled away by the homeowner. Individual septic systems are placed on each homeowner’s property in order to dispose of the waterborne waste generated by the residence in these types of neighborhoods. The use of a publicly accessible sewer system is ideal, but a septic system that is well-designed, appropriately constructed, and regularly maintained can provide a period of good service within its constraints.
- This article does not include any guidelines for the design or construction of a septic system.
- Once an individual on-site sewage disposal system (septic system) has been approved by the Health Department, it is possible to construct one.
- Despite this, issues might arise.
- If the number of people serviced by the system fluctuates significantly, as does the soil or the flow of sewage, the system may fail to function as intended.
- It is possible for a well-designed system to fail just due to a lack of maintenance.
- Proper maintenance, on the other hand, may assist the homeowner in extending the usable life of their septic system and get the greatest possible service from it.
- This should include the location of the home, the septic tank, the distribution box (if there is one), the pump pit (if there is one), the effluent disposal area, and the well that provides water for the house.
It is necessary to understand the following things about a septic system: (1) what it is, (2) where it is, (3) how it works, and (4) when it should be maintained.
It is located beneath the ground on the land of the residence it serves.
In order to accommodate this, some residences require larger tanks than others.
A bigger tank allows for more comprehensive decomposition and, as a result, provides superior service in most cases.
Older septic tank installations were frequently totally buried, despite the fact that a clean-out hole with a cover was constructed into the top of the tank.
Sewage is channeled via the home sewage system and into the tank.
A layer of scum forms on the surface of the liquid as lighter particles, greases, and fats rise to the top of the liquid’s surface.
Through an outlet pipe, it is discharged into a tile field, deep trench, sand mound, or seepage pit, depending on the situation.
The second component of the system is comprised of a tile field, deep trench, sand mound, or seepage pit.
Suggestions for Performing Proper Septic Maintenance The level of both the scum layer above the liquid and the sludge layer below the liquid increases when the septic tank is used more frequently.
A problem can also emerge if there is more liquid running through the system than the surrounding ground is capable of absorbing. In many cases, the only option is to replace the entire system. THE FOLLOWING PRECAUTIONS ARE RECOMMENDED FOR THE BEST SERVICE:
- Learn where all of the components of your septic system are located and how to use them. Please double-check your diagram. Allowing motor vehicles to drive over any component of your subterranean system is strictly prohibited. It is possible that the subsurface pipes may be crushed or fractured, which will result in the system ceasing to function. Planting plants or bushes on or near the system is not permitted. Roots from these plants may find their way into fields and obstruct them. Don’t put too much strain on your septic system. This includes wastewater from dishwashers, washing machines, and trash grinders
- However, it should also accept all other wastewater from your home. Rainwater from downspouts, sump pumps, water from foundation drains, and other generally clean water should not be fed into your septic tank or disposal field, since it might contaminate the system. This might overflow the tank, mix up the contents, and transport some of the sediments or grease to the disposal fields, sand mound, or seepage pit
- However, this is not recommended. Cooking greases and fats should be emptied into a disposable container that can be thrown away with the trash or rubbish in order to provide the finest service possible. In the event that these compounds are dumped into a kitchen sink, they are likely to cause problems since they solidify in the sewage pipes and build the scum layer in the septic tank. Once a year, check the level of sediments in your tank to decide whether or not it need cleaning. This can be accomplished by following the procedures outlined at the end of this booklet in the section titled “Checking Your Septic Tank.” For further information about licensed septage haulers, contact your local Health Department, which may be found in the yellow pages of your phone book under “Septic Tanks and Systems.” They are well-equipped to remove the sediments and scum that have built up in your septic tank. The failure to clean the septic tank when it is necessary permits sediments and scum to flow through to the disposal field or seepage pit, resulting in costly repairs. The seepage region may then get blocked, causing sewage to rise to the surface of the ground or to flow back into the home through the drain. This causes a risk to the health of your family and neighbors as well as yourself. In addition, if your septic system fails, your sinks and toilets will not drain properly. It is possible that the correction will be costly. Some fixes need ongoing financial investments
- For example, flushing yeast or chemicals into the system will not lessen the amount of sediments in the tank
- This is not a substitute for regular tank maintenance. If such products were beneficial, the Department of Health and Human Services would be the first to recommend their usage. The indigenous bacteria in the tank serve as the most efficient cleaning method on the planet. When compared to the capacity of the septic tank, the amounts of bleaches, cleaners, and drain cleaning chemicals commonly used are so small that they have no effect on the system’s performance. When the tank is cleaned, a small amount of sludge should be left in it to ensure that the system continues to operate efficiently. This contributes to the breakdown process by providing microorganisms. If you have any inquiries or have any difficulties, CALL YOUR LOCAL HEALTH OFFICE. Their employees will provide you with advice and assistance in every manner they can
- PLEASE REMEMBER THE FOLLOWING TWO IMPORTANT POINTS: It is your obligation to look after and maintain your private sewage disposal system. Septic system overflow is comprised of human waste, which has the potential to spread illness, emit foul scents, and attract flies. Your family and neighbors’ safety depends on your ability to avoid or remedy malfunctions. When a private sewage disposal system overflows and poses a threat to the health of the community, the Health Department must intervene – and in many cases, this means taking legal action against you. Second, keep in mind that systems that have been ignored may be quite expensive to fix. When a system fails, the money saved by not doing routine maintenance is swiftly recouped when the system is replaced. It might be advisable to get your system tested if it has not been done within the last two years.
How to Perform a Septic Tank Inspection This may be accomplished with improvised tools, one for assessing the depth of sludge and another for checking the amount of scum. To determine the depth of sludge, use a pole or a 22-inch stud that is approximately eight feet long. Bind three feet of rough Turkish toweling around the pole starting at one end and working your way around. Remove the manhole cover or clean-out hole cover that is closest to the outflow pipe and set it aside. With the pole, make a slit in the scum layer to allow for drainage.
- a.
- Push the pole all the way down through the sludge until it reaches the bottom of the container.
- Some authorities advocate cleaning when the muck has accumulated to a depth of one foot.
- A flat board about four inches square should be nailed to one end.
- Lift the pole carefully until you feel resistance from the square board touching the scum at the bottom of the scum pile.
- After that, move the pole until you can see the bottom of the outflow pipe or baffle on the other side.
- Mark the pole so that it is level with the top of the access hole once more.
- Cleaning is required before the scum accumulates to a depth that allows it to pass beneath the exit pipe or baffle.
A Beginner’s Guide to Septic Systems
- Septic systems are used to dispose of waste from homes and buildings. Identifying the location of the septic tank and drainfield
- What a Septic System Is and How It Works Keeping a Septic System in Good Condition
- Signs that a septic system is failing include:
Septic systems, also known as on-site wastewater management systems, are installed in a large number of buildings and houses. It is easy to lose sight of septic systems, which operate quietly, gracefully, and efficiently to protect human and environmental health due to their burying location. Septic systems are the norm in rural regions, but they may also be found in a lot of metropolitan places, especially in older buildings. It is critical to understand whether or not your building is on a septic system.
Is Your Home or Building on a Septic System?
It is possible that the solution to this question will not be evident. If a structure looks to be connected to a sewage system, it may instead be connected to a septic system.
It is fairly unusual for tenants to be unaware of the final destination of the wastewater generated by their residence. Some of the hints or signs listed below will assist in determining whether the facility is served by a septic system or whether it is supplied by a sewer system:
- Sewer service will be provided at a cost by the city or municipality. Pay close attention to the water bill to see whether there is a cost labeled “sewer” or “sewer charge” on it. If there is a fee for this service, it is most likely because the facility is connected to a sewage system. Look up and down the street for sewage access ports or manholes, which can be found in any location. If a sewage system runs in front of a property, it is probable that the house is connected to it in some way. Inquire with your neighbors to see if they are connected to a sewer or septic system. The likelihood that your home is on a sewer system is increased if the properties on each side of you are on one as well. Keep in mind, however, that even if a sewage line runs in front of the structure and the nearby residences are connected to a sewer system, your home or building may not be connected to one. If the structure is older than the sewer system, it is possible that it is still on the original septic system. Consult with your local health agency for further information. This agency conducts final inspections of septic systems to ensure that they comply with applicable laws and regulations. There is a possibility that they have an archived record and/or a map of the system and will supply this information upon request
All property owners should be aware of whether or not their property is equipped with an on-site wastewater treatment system. Georgia law mandates that the property owner is responsible for the correct operation of a septic system, as well as any necessary maintenance and repairs.
Locating the Septic Tank and Drainfield
Finding a septic system may be a difficult process. They can be buried anywhere in the yard, including the front, back, and side yards. After a few years, the soil may begin to resemble the surrounding soil, making it impossible to distinguish the system from the surrounding soil. It is possible that in dry weather, the grass will be dryer in the shallow soil over the tank and greener over the drainfield, where the cleansed water will be released, but this is not always the case, especially in hot weather.
- The contractor who built the house should have presented the initial owner with a map showing the tank and drainfield locations, according to the building code.
- The installation of the system, as well as any modifications made to it, would have been examined by your local health authority.
- Unfortunately, if the system is very old, any records related with it may be insufficient or nonexistent, depending on the situation.
- Look for the point at where the wastewater pipes join together if the building is on a crawlspace or has an unfinished basement.
- The sewer line that runs through the structure is referred to as the building sewer.
- To “feel” for the tank, use a piece of re-bar or a similar metal probe.
- If you use this free service, you may avoid accidentally putting a rod through your gas or water line.
Try to locate the tank after a rainstorm, when the metal probe will be more easily maneuvered through moist dirt.
This should be done with care; extreme caution should be exercised to avoid puncturing the building sewer.
A tank is normally 5 by 8 feet in size, however the dimensions might vary.
Be aware that there may be rocks, pipes, and other debris in the area that “feels” like the tank but is not in fact part of the tank.
However, it is possible to have the lid or access port positioned on a riser in addition to being on the same level as the top of the tank in some cases.
Once the tank has been identified, make a rough drawing of its placement in relation to the house so that it will not be misplaced again!
It may be easier to discover the drainage lines now that the tank has been identified, particularly if the area has been subjected to prolonged periods of drought.
How a Septic System Works
Typical sewage treatment system (figure 1). It is composed of three components (Figure 1): the tank, the drain lines or discharge lines, and the soil treatment area (also known as the soil treatment area) (sometimes called a drainfield or leach field). The size of the tank varies according to the size of the structure. The normal home (three bedrooms, two bathrooms) will often include a 1,000-gallon water storage tank on the premises. Older tanks may only have one chamber, however newer tanks must have two chambers.
- The tank functions by settling waste and allowing it to be digested by microbes.
- These layers include the bottom sludge layer, the top scum layer, and a “clear” zone in the center.
- A typical septic tank is seen in Figure 2.
- It is fortunate that many of the bacteria involved are found in high concentrations in the human gastrointestinal tract.
- Although the bacteria may break down some of the stuff in the sludge, they are unable to break down all of it, which is why septic tanks must be cleaned out every three to seven years.
- In addition, when new water is introduced into the septic tank, an equal volume of water is pushed out the discharge lines and onto the drainfield.
- The water trickles out of the perforated drain pipes, down through a layer of gravel, and into the soil below the surface (Figure 3).
- A typical drainfield may be found here.
- Plants, bacteria, fungus, protozoa, and other microorganisms, as well as bigger critters such as mites, earthworms, and insects, flourish in soil.
- Mineralogical and metallic elements attach to soil particles, allowing them to be removed from the waste water.
Maintaining a Septic System
The most typical reason for a septic system to fail is a lack of proper maintenance. Septic systems that are failing are expensive to repair or replace, and the expense of repairs rests on the shoulders of the property owner (Figure 4). Fortunately, keeping your septic system in good working order and avoiding costly repairs is rather simple. Figure 4. Septic system failure is frequently caused by a lack of proper maintenance. It is in your best interests to be aware of the location of the system, how it operates, and how to maintain it.
- You should pump the tank if you aren’t sure when the last time it was pumped.
- It is not permissible to drive or park over the tank or drainage field.
- No rubbish should be disposed of in the sink or the toilet.
- It’s important to remember that garbage disposals enhance the requirement for regular pumping.
- When designing a landscape, keep the septic system in mind.
- It is also not recommended to consume veggies that have been cultivated above drainfield lines (see Dorn, S.
- Ornamental Plantings on Septic Drainfields.
C 1030).
Any water that enters your home through a drain or toilet eventually ends up in your septic system.
Don’t put too much strain on the system by consuming a large amount of water in a short period of time.
Additives should not be used.
Various types of additives are available for purchase as treatment options, cleansers, restorers, rejuvenator and boosters, among other things.
To break up oil and grease and unclog drains, chemical additives are available for purchase.
Pumping out the septic tank is not eliminated or reduced by using one of these systems.
They remain floating in the water and travel into the drainfield, where they may block the pipes. Acids have the potential to damage concrete storage tanks and distribution boxes.
Signs a Septic System is Failing
A failed system manifests itself in the following ways:
- Sinks and toilets drain at a snail’s pace
- Plumbing that is backed up
- The sound of gurgling emanating from the plumbing system House or yard aromas that smell like sewage
- In the yard, there is wet or squishy dirt
- Water that is gray in hue that has accumulated
- An region of the yard where the grass is growing more quickly and is becoming greener
- Water contaminated by bacteria from a well
If you notice any of these indicators, you should notify your local health department immediately. An environmentalist from the health department can assist in identifying possible hazards. There are also listings of state-certified contractors available from the local health department, who may do repairs. Repairs or alterations to the system must be approved by the health department and examined by an inspector. Keep an eye out for any meetings that may take place between a health department inspector and a contractor to discuss repairs to your system.
- Household garbage that has not been properly handled is released into the environment when systems fail.
- It has the potential to pollute surrounding wells, groundwater, streams, and other sources of potable water, among other things.
- The foul odor emanating from a malfunctioning system can cause property values to plummet.
- Briefly stated, broken systems can have an impact on your family, neighbors, community, and the environment.
- Septic systems are an effective, attractive, and reasonably priced method of treating and disposing of wastewater.
Figures 2 and 3 reprinted with permission from: CIDWT. 2009. Installation of Wastewater Treatment Systems. Consortium of Institutes for Decentralized Wastewater Treatment. Iowa State University, Midwest Plan Service. Ames, IA.
History of the current status and revisions Published on the 15th of August, 2013. Published on March 28th, 2017 with a full review.
Septic System Care and Maintenance
Homes located outside the reach of a municipal sewer system must treat and distribute wastewater on their own property. This domestic sewage treatment system, like all other components of a home, demands constant care and maintenance. A neglected system poses a hazard to public health and may result in financial damages to the property owner’s investment. In cities, the wastewater treatment system is cared for by a skilled and certified professional operator. The property owner is responsible for the upkeep of any domestic sewage treatment systems installed on the premises.
A well maintained wastewater treatment system may be anticipated to last for around 20 years.
The system installer or the local health agency can provide you with detailed information on a sophisticated treatment system or a difficult dispersal system.
Three things a homeowner can do to ensure that the system is trouble-free and operates as intended for the duration of its life cycle are: save water, garden properly, and maintain the septic tank and its associated components.
Conserve Water
The most important thing a homeowner can do to keep their domestic sewage treatment system in good working order is to use less water. A domestic home’s sewage system is intended to manage 50–60 gallons per person per day of household sewage, according to the manufacturer. The addition of more water than the system is designed to handle might cause the system to fail. Water conservation strategies such as the ones listed below can be implemented:
- Consider putting in low-flow shower heads and toilets, along with front-loading washing machines to help save water in your home. Water leaks, such as leaky faucets and toilet valves that don’t seal, should be repaired. Water consumption should be spread out. For example, avoid washing numerous loads of clothes on the same day and space out bathing times throughout the day to conserve energy.
Landscape Carefully
The septic system for the home is buried in the yard, which means that even seemingly innocuous landscape alterations might cause significant harm to the septic system. Make a note of the system’s placement and use caution when making upgrades to the property. The following recommendations will assist you in extending the life of your system:
- Rainwater drainage should be diverted away from the soil absorption system region. Extra water can be sent to the location where wastewater is being processed and distributed by a variety of means, including downspouts, paved surfaces, and slopes. In a typical septic system, a yard receives an additional 100 inches of water each year in addition to what is normally received. Additionally, Ohio receives an average of 40 inches of precipitation each year, which is above average. Please keep the soil absorption system area free of solid things such as pavement, decks, automobiles, heavy equipment, and other similar structures. Heavy things can flatten the soil and block off bigger soil pores, reducing the quantity of water that can pass through the soil and into the surrounding environment. If the system is covered, access for maintenance and repair is similarly restricted
- Do not lay extra soil fill on top of the system to improve access. In order to allow for air infiltration, several of the system components are designed to be shallow. The use of fill to cover up sewage that has surfaced in a yard will not fix the problem and may even make the situation worse in some cases. The presence of sewage on the surface indicates that the system is not operating properly and requires repair or replacement.
Pump the Septic Tank and Clean the Filter
Typically, septic tanks (Figure 1) are erected to separate and store particles from sewage, which helps to prevent blockage of the soil and other treatment system components. Solids can migrate out of the tank and cause harm to the system if they are not maintained on a regular basis. Include the following septic tank upkeep in your budget:
- Pump the septic tank on a regular basis to keep it running smoothly. Table 1 depicts the expected time required for septic tank pumping for various tank sizes and family sizes
- And Tank pumping should not be substituted with biological or chemical additions in any situation. Because sewage contains sufficient bacteria and enzymes, the use of chemicals is unnecessary and, in some situations, detrimental. Do not dispose of rubbish using a garbage disposal. Solids accumulate in the tank, increasing the expense and frequency of maintenance
- As a result, the tank becomes overflowing. The condition of the baffles or tees (Figure 1) should be checked after the tank has been pumped. Baffles and tees are used to increase the removal and retention of particles in a filtration system. Depending on the amount of time passed, they may crumble or fall off, or they may be accidently damaged when pumping. You should remove and clean your effluent filter on a regular basis (6–12 months, depending on how often you use it) if your tank is equipped with one to aid in the collection and retention of solids. Use a hose to clean the filter, allowing the sediments to be washed back into the septic tank after cleaning. The filter may be cleaned with a spray bottle filled with water and a few drops of detergent if a hose is not available (Figure 2). Cleaning a significantly blocked filter may necessitate the use of a brush in a pail of soapy water. Easy future maintenance is made possible by rigging from the tank ports to the ground surface (Figure 1). Protect the tank lid from damage caused by the mower and replace any damaged lids. Always keep the lids closed to prevent children and pets from getting into the tank. Never go into a septic tank unless absolutely necessary. The septic tank emits hazardous fumes that may kill a person in a matter of minutes if they are not properly maintained. If someone has unintentionally fallen into the tank, contact 911 and then place a fan on top of the tank to allow fresh air to circulate.
| Table 1.Estimated Septic Tank Pumping Frequency (in Years) for Different Size Tanks (Note: If a garbage disposal is used, more frequent pumping is required.)(Mancl, K. 1984. Estimating Septic Tank Pumping Frequency.J. of the Environmental Engineering DivisionASCE. 110(1):283-285.) | |||||||||
| Tank Size (gallons) | Number of People in Household (Year-Round Residence) | ||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | |
| 500 | 5.8 | 2.6 | 1.5 | 1 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| 750 | 9.1 | 4.2 | 2.6 | 1.8 | 1.3 | 1 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.4 |
| 1,000 | 12.4 | 5.9 | 3.7 | 2.6 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1 | 0.8 |
| 1,500 | 18.9 | 9.1 | 5.9 | 4.2 | 3.3 | 2.6 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 1.5 |
| 2,000 | 25.4 | 12.4 | 8 | 5.9 | 4.5 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 2.2 |
| 2,500 | 31.9 | 15.6 | 10.2 | 7.5 | 5.9 | 4.8 | 4.4 | 4 | 3.0 |
Professional Management
Only a small number of households are capable of operating and maintaining a wastewater treatment system. This service is available in Ohio only through professional service providers. The providers are required to be registered with the local health department and to participate in yearly continuing education opportunities. An yearly examination combined with a minimal bit of maintenance can prevent a total system failure that would need an expensive and cumbersome system replacement in the majority of domestic sewage systems.
